oracle如何手动建库

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1、-- 查看服务器 ORA 环境变量情况

[oracle@orastb ~]$ env|grep ORA

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

2、-- 创建参数文件

[oracle@orastb ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ ls

afiedt.buf hc_testdb.dat lkTESTDB2 spfiletestdb1.ora

hc_boncstb.dat inittestdb1.ora orapwboncstb spfiletestdb2.ora

hc_OMS.dat inittestdb2.ora orapwtestdb1

hc_testdb1.dat lkBONCSTB orapwtestdb2

hc_testdb2.dat lkTESTDB1 spfileboncstb.ora

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ touch initqixindb.ora

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ cat initqixindb.ora

memory_target=17179870000

*.db_name=QIXINDB

*.processes = 300

*.audit_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/qixindb/adump

*.audit_trail =db

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=

*.db_recovery_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G

*.diagnostic_dest=/u01/app/oracle

*.dispatchers=(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)

*.open_cursors=300 

*.remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE

*.undo_tablespace=undotbs01

# You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical

# devices

*.control_files=/oradata/qixindb/control01.ctl,/oradata/flash_recovery_area_qixindb/qixindb/control02.ctl

*.compatible =11.2.0

3、-- 创建参数文件及建库所需目录 

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/qixindb/adump

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ mkdir -p /oradata/qixindb/

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ mkdir -p /oradata/flash_recovery_area_qixindb/qixindb/

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ mkdir -p /oradata/qixindb/redolog/

4、 -- 登录,启动数据库到nomount ， 执行手工建库脚本

[oracle@orastb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

(11G)SYS@qixindb> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.7170E+10 bytes

Fixed Size 2260128 bytes

Variable Size 9261024096 bytes

Database Buffers 7851737088 bytes

Redo Buffers 54951936 bytes

(11G)SYS@qixindb> show parameter memory_

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

hi_shared_memory_address integer 0

memory_max_target big integer 16448M

memory_target big integer 16448M

shared_memory_address integer 0

(11G)SYS@qixindb>

CREATE DATABASE qixindb

USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY BOnc#oracle123

USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY BOnc#oracle123

LOGFILE GROUP 1 (/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo01a.log,/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo01b.log) SIZE 1G BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 2 (/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo02a.log,/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo02b.log) SIZE 1G BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 3 (/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo03a.log,/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo03b.log) SIZE 1G BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 4 (/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo04a.log,/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo04b.log) SIZE 1G BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 5 (/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo05a.log,/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo05b.log) SIZE 1G BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 6 (/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo06a.log,/oradata/qixindb/redolog/redo06b.log) SIZE 1G BLOCKSIZE 512

MAXLOGFILES 15

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXDATAFILES 300

CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

DATAFILE /oradata/qixindb/system01.dbf SIZE 8G REUSE

SYSAUX DATAFILE /oradata/qixindb/sysaux01.dbf SIZE 8G REUSE

DEFAULT TABLESPACE users

DATAFILE /oradata/qixindb/users01.dbf

SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF

DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts01

TEMPFILE /oradata/qixindb/temp01.dbf

SIZE 30G REUSE

UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs01

DATAFILE /oradata/qixindb/undotbs01.dbf

SIZE 30G REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF;

Database created.

(11G)SYS@qixindb> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE

--------------------

READ WRITE

(11G)SYS@qixindb> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

(11G)SYS@qixindb> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.7170E+10 bytes

Fixed Size 2260128 bytes

Variable Size 9261024096 bytes

Database Buffers 7851737088 bytes

Redo Buffers 54951936 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwqixindb password=BOnc#oracle123

[oracle@orastb dbs]$ ll orapwqixindb

-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Aug 30 16:09 orapwqixindb

(11G)SYS@qixindb> show parameter pfile

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile string

(11G)SYS@qixindb> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

(11G)SYS@qixindb> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

(11G)SYS@qixindb> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.7170E+10 bytes

Fixed Size 2260128 bytes

Variable Size 9261024096 bytes

Database Buffers 7851737088 bytes

Redo Buffers 54951936 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

-- 建库完成后，跑三个脚本

-- sys用户登录

In SQL*Plus, connect to your Oracle Database instance with the SYSDBA administrative privilege:

@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

-- system用户登录

In SQL*Plus, connect to your Oracle Database instance as SYSTEM user:

@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

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