Python游戏开发，pygame模块，Python实现过迷宫小游戏（pygame游戏实例）

Python游戏开发，pygame模块，Python实现过迷宫小游戏（pygame游戏实例）

前言

今天为大家带来解闷用的过迷宫小游戏分享给大家好了。让我们愉快地开始吧~

开发工具

Python版本： 3.6.4

相关模块：

pygame模块；

以及一些Python自带的模块。

环境搭建

安装Python并添加到环境变量，pip安装需要的相关模块即可。

原理简介

游戏规则：

玩家通过↑↓←→键控制主角行动，使主角从出发点(左上角)绕出迷宫，到达终点(右下角)即为游戏胜利。

逐步实现：

首先，当然是创建迷宫啦，为了方便，这里采用随机生成迷宫的方式(人工设计真的费眼睛，弄到一半不想弄了，有兴趣的可以自行尝试。)。思路其实很简单，就是把游戏界面划分成多个cell，类似这样子：

然后设计算法遍历所有的cell，每个被遍历到的cell在某几个随机的方向上打开一堵墙(就是去掉分割cell的线条)就ok啦~

具体而言，代码实现如下：

'''随机生成迷宫类'''

class RandomMaze():

def __init__(self, maze_size, block_size, border_size, **kwargs):

self.block_size = block_size

self.border_size = border_size

self.maze_size = maze_size

self.blocks_list = RandomMaze.createMaze(maze_size, block_size, border_size)

self.font = pygame.font.SysFont('Consolas', 15)

'''画到屏幕上'''

def draw(self, screen):

for row in range(self.maze_size[0]):

for col in range(self.maze_size[1]):

self.blocks_list[row][col].draw(screen)

# 起点和终点标志

showText(screen, self.font, 'S', (255, 0, 0), (self.border_size[0]-10, self.border_size[1]))

showText(screen, self.font, 'D', (255, 0, 0), (self.border_size[0]+(self.maze_size[1]-1)*self.block_size, self.border_size[1]+self.maze_size[0]*self.block_size+5))

'''创建迷宫'''

@staticmethod

def createMaze(maze_size, block_size, border_size):

def nextBlock(block_now, blocks_list):

directions = ['top', 'bottom', 'left', 'right']

blocks_around = dict(zip(directions, [None]*4))

block_next = None

count = 0

# 查看上边block

if block_now.coordinate[1]-1 >= 0:

block_now_top = blocks_list[block_now.coordinate[1]-1][block_now.coordinate[0]]

if not block_now_top.is_visited:

blocks_around['top'] = block_now_top

count += 1

# 查看下边block

if block_now.coordinate[1]+1 < maze_size[0]:

block_now_bottom = blocks_list[block_now.coordinate[1]+1][block_now.coordinate[0]]

if not block_now_bottom.is_visited:

blocks_around['bottom'] = block_now_bottom

count += 1

# 查看左边block

if block_now.coordinate[0]-1 >= 0:

block_now_left = blocks_list[block_now.coordinate[1]][block_now.coordinate[0]-1]

if not block_now_left.is_visited:

blocks_around['left'] = block_now_left

count += 1

# 查看右边block

if block_now.coordinate[0]+1 < maze_size[1]:

block_now_right = blocks_list[block_now.coordinate[1]][block_now.coordinate[0]+1]

if not block_now_right.is_visited:

blocks_around['right'] = block_now_right

count += 1

if count > 0:

while True:

direction = random.choice(directions)

if blocks_around.get(direction):

block_next = blocks_around.get(direction)

if direction == 'top':

block_next.has_walls[1] = False

block_now.has_walls[0] = False

elif direction == 'bottom':

block_next.has_walls[0] = False

block_now.has_walls[1] = False

elif direction == 'left':

block_next.has_walls[3] = False

block_now.has_walls[2] = False

elif direction == 'right':

block_next.has_walls[2] = False

block_now.has_walls[3] = False

break

return block_next

blocks_list = [[Block([col, row], block_size, border_size) for col in range(maze_size[1])] for row in range(maze_size[0])]

block_now = blocks_list[0][0]

records = []

while True:

if block_now:

if not block_now.is_visited:

block_now.is_visited = True

records.append(block_now)

block_now = nextBlock(block_now, blocks_list)

else:

block_now = records.pop()

if len(records) == 0:

break

return blocks_list

```

接下来就是定义角色类啦，角色类需要根据用户的操作进行上下左右的移动，同时，保证移动是不能跨越墙的就OK了~具体而言，代码实现如下：

```python

'''定义hero'''

class Hero(pygame.sprite.Sprite):

def __init__(self, imagepath, coordinate, block_size, border_size, **kwargs):

pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

self.image = pygame.image.load(imagepath)

self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image, (block_size, block_size))

self.rect = self.image.get_rect()

self.rect.left, self.rect- = coordinate[0] * block_size + border_size[0], coordinate[1] * block_size + border_size[1]

self.coordinate = coordinate

self.block_size = block_size

self.border_size = border_size

'''移动'''

def move(self, direction, maze):

blocks_list = maze.blocks_list

if direction == 'up':

if blocks_list[self.coordinate[1]][self.coordinate[0]].has_walls[0]:

return False

else:

self.coordinate[1] = self.coordinate[1] - 1

return True

elif direction == 'down':

if blocks_list[self.coordinate[1]][self.coordinate[0]].has_walls[1]:

return False

else:

self.coordinate[1] = self.coordinate[1] + 1

return True

elif direction == 'left':

if blocks_list[self.coordinate[1]][self.coordinate[0]].has_walls[2]:

return False

else:

self.coordinate[0] = self.coordinate[0] - 1

return True

elif direction == 'right':

if blocks_list[self.coordinate[1]][self.coordinate[0]].has_walls[3]:

return False

else:

self.coordinate[0] = self.coordinate[0] + 1

return True

else:

raise ValueError('Unsupport direction <%s> in Hero.move...' % direction)

'''绑定到屏幕'''

def draw(self, screen):

self.rect.left, self.rect- = self.coordinate[0] * self.block_size + self.border_size[0], self.coordinate[1] * self.block_size + self.border_size[1]

screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)

```

最后，就是写下游戏主循环，这个其实也很简单，只要每次载入一个随机生成的迷宫地图和实例化一个主角，然后不断进行按键检测，并根据按键检测的结果移动主角，最后根据行动结果更新界面数据就OK了~当然，若主角到达了终点，则进入关卡切换界面。

具体而言，代码实现如下：

```python

'''主函数'''

def main(cfg):

# 初始化

pygame.init()

pygame.mixer.init()

pygame.font.init()

pygame.mixer.music.load(cfg.BGMPATH)

pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)

screen = pygame.display.set_mode(cfg.SCREENSIZE)

font = pygame.font.SysFont('Consolas', 15)

# 开始界面

Interface(screen, cfg, 'game_start')

# 记录关卡数

num_levels = 0

# 记录最少用了多少步通关

best_scores = 'None'

# 关卡循环切换

while True:

num_levels += 1

clock = pygame.time.Clock()

screen = pygame.display.set_mode(cfg.SCREENSIZE)

# --随机生成关卡地图

maze_now = RandomMaze(cfg.MAZESIZE, cfg.BLOCKSIZE, cfg.BORDERSIZE)

# --生成hero

hero_now = Hero(cfg.HEROPICPATH, [0, 0], cfg.BLOCKSIZE, cfg.BORDERSIZE)

# --统计步数

num_steps = 0

# --关卡内主循环

while True:

dt = clock.tick(cfg.FPS)

screen.fill((255, 255, 255))

is_move = False

# ----↑↓←→控制hero

for event in pygame.event.get():

if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

pygame.quit()

sys.exit(-1)

elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:

if event.key == pygame.K_UP:

is_move = hero_now.move('up', maze_now)

elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:

is_move = hero_now.move('down', maze_now)

elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:

is_move = hero_now.move('left', maze_now)

elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:

is_move = hero_now.move('right', maze_now)

num_steps += int(is_move)

hero_now.draw(screen)

maze_now.draw(screen)

# ----显示一些信息

showText(screen, font, 'LEVELDONE: %d' % num_levels, (255, 0, 0), (10, 10))

showText(screen, font, 'BESTSCORE: %s' % best_scores, (255, 0, 0), (210, 10))

showText(screen, font, 'USEDSTEPS: %s' % num_steps, (255, 0, 0), (410, 10))

showText(screen, font, 'S: your starting point D: your destination', (255, 0, 0), (10, 600))

# ----判断游戏是否胜利

if (hero_now.coordinate[0] == cfg.MAZESIZE[1] - 1) and (hero_now.coordinate[1] == cfg.MAZESIZE[0] - 1):

break

pygame.display.update()

# 更新最优成绩

if best_scores == 'None':

best_scores = num_steps

else:

if best_scores > num_steps:

best_scores = num_steps

# 关卡切换

Interface(screen, cfg, mode='game_switch')

文章到这里就结束了，感谢你的观看，Python24个小游戏系列，下篇文章分享打地鼠小游戏

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