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2023-12-10
mysql-mmm如何实现mysql互为主从复制HA功能
mysql-mmm如何实现mysql互为主从复制HA功能
mysql-mmm如何实现mysql互为主从复制HA功能，很多新手对此不是很清楚，为了帮助大家解决这个难题，下面小编将为大家详细讲解，有这方面需求的人可以来学习下，希望你能有所收获。
每个mysql服务器节点都需要运行mmmd_agent，同时在另外一台机器【可以是独立的一台服务器也可以是和AppServer共同享一个服务器】上运行mmmd_mon
mmm利用了虚拟IP技术，1个网卡可以使用多个IP
所以使用mmm时，需要2*n+1个IP，n为mysql节点数，包括slave和master
当数据库节点fail时，mmmd_mon检测不到mmmd_agent的心跳或者对应的mysql服务器的状态时
mmmd_mon将作出决定并下令给某个正常的数据库节点的mmmd_agent，使得该mmmd_agent“篡位”
【即 使用刚才fail的那个结点的虚拟IP，使得虚拟IP从fail结点指向此时的正常机器】MMMM需要5个IP，两个节点使用固定IP，两个程式读IP（只读），1个 程式写IP（用来更新）
后面这三个虚拟IP是根据节点的可用性在节点之间实现跳转的一。IP分配
IP分配如下：
A ：mysql master 246
固定IP：211.100.97.246
程式读IP：211.100.97.244 （虚拟）B：mysql master 250
固定IP：211.100.97.250
程式读IP：211.100.97.243 （虚拟）monitor 245
程式写IP：211.100.97.248 （虚拟）给246添加虚拟IP 211.100.97.244
ifconfig eth2:1 211.100.97.244 netmask 255.255.255.224 up
[root@XKWB5510 software]# ifconfig -a|grep "inet addr"|head -3|tail -2|awk -F "[ :]+" {print $4"/"$NF}
211.100.97.246/255.255.255.224
211.100.97.244/255.255.255.224给250添加虚拟IP 211.100.97.243
ifconfig eth0:1 211.100.97.243 netmask 255.255.255.224 up
[root@XKWB5705 software]# ifconfig -a|grep "inet addr"|head -2|awk -F "[ :]+" {print $4"/"$NF}
211.100.97.250/255.255.255.224
211.100.97.243/255.255.255.224给245添加虚拟IP：211.100.97.248
ifconfig eth2:1 211.100.97.248 netmask 255.255.255.224 up
[root@CentOS mysql-5.1.56]# ifconfig -a|grep "inet addr"|head -3|tail -2|awk -F "[ :]+" {print $4"/"$NF}
211.100.97.245/255.255.255.224
211.100.97.248/255.255.255.224二 授权
在AB机器添加代理账号 useradd rep_agent
在monitor机器上添加监控账号 useradd rep_monitorA上授权
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* toidentified by 123456;
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* toidentified by 123456;查看授权情况
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user where user like rep%;
+----------------+-------------+
| host | user |
+----------------+-------------+
| % | rep_agent |
| % | rep_monitor |
| 211.100.97.250 | replication |
| localhost | replication |
+----------------+-------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)B上授权
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* toidentified by 123456;
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* toidentified by 123456;mysql> select host,user from mysql.user where user like rep%;
+----------------+-------------+
| host | user |
+----------------+-------------+
| % | rep_agent |
| % | rep_monitor |
| 211.100.97.246 | replication |
| localhost | replication |
+----------------+-------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)三 mmm安装
CentOS软件仓库默认是不含这些软件的，必须要有epel这个包的支持。故我们必须先安装epel：
wget
rpm -Uvh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm源码包安装mysql-mmm
wget
tar zxf mysql-master-master-1.2.3.tar.gz
cd mysql-master-master-1.2.3
./install.pl
另外安装mmm之前需要安装以下几个必须的perl模块
Data::Dumper
POSIX
Cwd
threads
threads::shared
Thread::Queue
Thread::Semaphore
IO::Socket
Proc::Daemon
Time::HiRes
DBI
DBD::mysql
Algorithm::Diff否则在安装mmm执行install.pl命令的时候，会出现如下报错：
1）
Checking required module Proc::Daemon...Error!
Cant locate Proc/Daemon.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 .) at (eval 13) line 2.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at (eval 13) line 2.------------------------------------------------------------
Required module Proc::Daemon is not found on this system!
Install it (e.g. run command cpan Proc::Daemon) and try again.根据以上报错提示运行
cpan Proc::Daemon 基本上都是回车2）
Checking required module DBI...Error!
Cant locate DBI.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 .) at (eval 16) line 2.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at (eval 16) line 2.------------------------------------------------------------
Required module DBI is not found on this system!
Install it (e.g. run command cpan DBI) and try again.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
根据报错提示运行命令
cpan DBI3）
Checking required module DBD::mysql...Error!
Cant locate DBD/mysql.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 .) at (eval 19) line 2.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at (eval 19) line 2.------------------------------------------------------------
Required module DBD::mysql is not found on this system!
Install it (e.g. run command cpan DBD::mysql) and try again.运行这个命令cpan DBD::mysql
报错如下：
CPAN.pm: Going to build C/CA/CAPTTOFU/DBD-mysql-4.020.tar.gzCant exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 83.
Cannot find the file mysql_config! Your execution PATH doesnt seem
not contain the path to mysql_config. Resorting to guessed values!
Cant exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 478.
Cant find mysql_config. Use --mysql_config option to specify where mysql_config is located
Cant exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 478.
Cant find mysql_config. Use --mysql_config option to specify where mysql_config is located
Cant exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 478.
Cant find mysql_config. Use --mysql_config option to specify where mysql_config is locatedPLEASE NOTE:
For make test to run properly, you must ensure that the
database user root can connect to your MySQL server
and has the proper privileges that these tests require such
as drop table, create table, drop procedure, create procedure
as well as others.mysql> grant all privileges on test.* toidentified by s3kr1t;
You can also optionally set the user to run make test with:
perl Makefile.PL --testuser=username
Cant exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 478.
Cant find mysql_config. Use --mysql_config option to specify where mysql_config is located
Cant exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 478.
Cant find mysql_config. Use --mysql_config option to specify where mysql_config is located
Cant exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 478.
Cant find mysql_config. Use --mysql_config option to specify where mysql_config is located
Failed to determine directory of mysql.h. Useperl Makefile.PL --cflags=-I<dir>
to set this directory. For details see the INSTALL.html file,
section "C Compiler flags" or typeperl Makefile.PL --help
Running make test
Make had some problems, maybe interrupted? Wont test
Running make install
Make had some problems, maybe interrupted? Wont install根据以上脑挫提示查看是否有mysql_config
[root@XKWB5510 mysql-master-master-1.2.3]# find /usr/local/mysql/ -name "mysql_config*"
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
/usr/local/mysql/share/man/man1/mysql_config.1看一下mysql_config的权限
[root@XKWB5510 mysql-master-master-1.2.3]# ls -l /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6105 Sep 21 22:43 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config解决办法
URL：
DBD-mysql-4.020.tar.gz
tar zxf DBD-mysql-4.020.tar.gz
cd DBD-mysql-4.020
perl Makefile.PL --mysql_config=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
make
make install4）
Checking required module Algorithm::Diff...Error!
Cant locate Algorithm/Diff.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 .) at (eval 20) line 2.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at (eval 20) line 2.------------------------------------------------------------
Required module Algorithm::Diff is not found on this system!
Install it (e.g. run command cpan Algorithm::Diff) and try again.
+++++++++++++++++
运行
cpan Algorithm::Diff一直跟着错误提示走就行，直到没有Error
5）
最后安装成功的提示是这样的：
[root@XKWB5705 mysql-master-master-1.2.3]# ./install.pl
Checking platform support... linux Ok!
Checking required module Data::Dumper...Ok!
Checking required module POSIX...Ok!
Checking required module Cwd...Ok!
Checking required module threads...Ok!
Checking required module threads::shared...Ok!
Checking required module Thread::Queue...Ok!
Checking required module Thread::Semaphore...Ok!
Checking required module IO::Socket...Ok!
Checking required module Proc::Daemon...Ok!
Checking required module Time::HiRes...Ok!
Checking required module DBI...Ok!
Checking required module DBD::mysql...Ok!
Checking required module Algorithm::Diff...Ok!
Checking iproute installation...Ok!
Installing mmm files...
Confgiuration:
- installation directory: /usr/local/mmm
- create symlinks: on
- symlinks directory: /usr/local/sbinCopying files to /usr/local/mmm directory...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmm_control -> /usr/local/sbin/mmm_control...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_agent -> /usr/local/sbin/mmmd_agent...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmm_restore -> /usr/local/sbin/mmm_restore...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_angel -> /usr/local/sbin/mmmd_angel...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmm_get_dump -> /usr/local/sbin/mmm_get_dump...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmm_backup -> /usr/local/sbin/mmm_backup...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmm_clone -> /usr/local/sbin/mmm_clone...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_mon -> /usr/local/sbin/mmmd_mon...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/man/man1/mmmd_mon.1 -> /usr/local/man/man1/mmmd_mon.1...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/man/man1/mmm_restore.1 -> /usr/local/man/man1/mmm_restore.1...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/man/man1/mmmd_agent.1 -> /usr/local/man/man1/mmmd_agent.1...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/man/man1/mmm_clone.1 -> /usr/local/man/man1/mmm_clone.1...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/man/man1/mmm_get_dump.1 -> /usr/local/man/man1/mmm_get_dump.1...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/man/man1/mmm_control.1 -> /usr/local/man/man1/mmm_control.1...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/man/man1/mmmd_angel.1 -> /usr/local/man/man1/mmmd_angel.1...Ok!
Creating symlink: /usr/local/mmm/man/man1/mmm_backup.1 -> /usr/local/man/man1/mmm_backup.1...Ok!Installation is done!
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
四 配置
cp /home/sysadmin/zhaoyj/software/mysql-master-master-1.2.3/etc/examples/mmm_agent.conf.example /usr/local/mmm/etc/mmm_agent.conf
--------------------------------
这个配置选项是必须的吗？【不是】
# Cluster interface
cluster_interface eth0
----------------------
db1的配置文件 /usr/local/mmm/etc/mmm_agent.conf
#
# Master-Master Manager config (agent)
#include mmm_common.conf
# Paths
pid_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd_agent.pid
bin_path /usr/local/mmm/bin# MMMD command socket tcp-port and ip
bind_port 9989# Logging setup
log mydebug
file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-debug.log
level debug
log mytraps
file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-traps.log
level trap# Define current server id
this db1
mode master# For masters
peer db2# Cluster hosts addresses and access params
host db1
ip 211.100.97.246
port 3306
user rep_agent
password 123456host db2
ip 211.100.97.250
port 3306
user rep_agent
password 123456------------------------
db2的配置文件 /usr/local/mmm/etc/mmm_agent.conf
# Master-Master Manager config (agent)
#include mmm_common.conf
# Paths
pid_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd_agent.pid
bin_path /usr/local/mmm/bin# MMMD command socket tcp-port and ip
bind_port 9989# Logging setup
log mydebug
file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-debug.log
level debug
log mytraps
file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-traps.log
level trap# Define current server id
this db2
mode master# For masters
peer db1# Cluster hosts addresses and access params
host db1
ip 211.100.97.246
port 3306
user rep_agent
password 123456host db2
ip 211.100.97.250
port 3306
user rep_agent
password 123456
--------------------------
db1 db2以及monitor共同的配置文件/usr/local/mmm/etc/mmm_common.conf
# Cluster interface
#cluster_interface eth0# Debug mode
debug no# Paths
bin_path /usr/local/mmm/bin
pid_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd.pid
status_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd.status# Choose the default failover method [manual|wait|auto]
failover_method auto# How many seconds to wait for both masters to become ONLINE
# before switching from WAIT to AUTO failover method, 0 = wait indefinitely
wait_for_other_master 2# How many seconds to wait before switching node status from AWAITING_RECOVERY to ONLINE
# 0 = disabled
auto_set_online 1# Logging setup
log mydebug
file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-debug.log
level debuglog mytraps
file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-traps.log
level trap
# Email notification settings
email notify
from_address
from_name MMM Control# Define roles
active_master_role reader# MMMD command socket tcp-port
agent_port 9989
monitor_ip 127.0.0.1# Cluster hosts addresses and access params
host db1
ip 211.100.97.246
port 3306
user rep_agent
password 123456
mode master
pear db2host db2
ip 211.100.97.250
port 3306
user rep_agent
password 123456
mode master
pear db1# Define roles that are assigned to the above hosts
# Mysql Reader role
role reader
mode balanced
servers db1, db2
ip 211.100.97.243,211.100.97.244# Mysql Writer role
role writer
mode exclusive
servers db1, db2
ip 211.100.97.248# Replication credentials used by slaves to connect to the master
replication_user replication
replication_password 123456# Checks parameters
# Ping checker
check ping
check_period 1
trap_period 5
timeout 2# Mysql checker
# (restarts after 10000 checks to prevent memory leaks)
check mysql
check_period 1
trap_period 2
timeout 2
restart_after 10000# Mysql replication backlog checker
# (restarts after 10000 checks to prevent memory leaks)
check rep_backlog
check_period 5
trap_period 10
max_backlog 60
timeout 2
restart_after 10000# Mysql replication threads checker
# (restarts after 10000 checks to prevent memory leaks)
check rep_threads
check_period 1
trap_period 5
timeout 2
restart_after 10000
----------------------------
monit机上 mmm_mon.conf 的配置文件# Cluster interface
#cluster_interface eth0# Debug mode
debug no# Paths
bin_path /usr/local/mmm/bin
pid_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd.pid
status_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd.status# Choose the default failover method [manual|wait|auto]
failover_method auto# How many seconds to wait for both masters to become ONLINE
# before switching from WAIT to AUTO failover method, 0 = wait indefinitely
wait_for_other_master 2# How many seconds to wait before switching node status from AWAITING_RECOVERY to ONLINE
# 0 = disabled
auto_set_online 1# Logging setup
log mydebug
file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-debug.log
level debuglog mytraps
file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-traps.log
level trap
# Email notification settings
email notify
from_address
from_name MMM Control# Define roles
active_master_role writer# MMMD command socket tcp-port
agent_port 9989
monitor_ip 127.0.0.1# Cluster hosts addresses and access params
host db1
ip 211.100.97.246
port 3306
user rep_agent
password 123456
mode master
pear db2host db2
ip 211.100.97.250
port 3306
user rep_agent
password 123456
mode master
pear db1# Define roles that are assigned to the above hosts
# Mysql Reader role
role reader
mode balanced
servers db1, db2
ip 211.100.97.243,211.100.97.244# Mysql Writer role
role writer
mode exclusive
servers db1, db2
ip 211.100.97.248# Replication credentials used by slaves to connect to the master
replication_user replication
replication_password 123456# Checks parameters
# Ping checker
check ping
check_period 1
trap_period 5
timeout 2# Mysql checker
# (restarts after 10000 checks to prevent memory leaks)
check mysql
check_period 1
trap_period 2
timeout 2
restart_after 10000# Mysql replication backlog checker
# (restarts after 10000 checks to prevent memory leaks)
check rep_backlog
check_period 5
trap_period 10
max_backlog 60
timeout 2
restart_after 10000# Mysql replication threads checker
# (restarts after 10000 checks to prevent memory leaks)
check rep_threads
check_period 1
trap_period 5
timeout 2
restart_after 10000
--------------------------五 启动进程
在db1和db2上配置完mmm_agent.conf和mmm_common.conf之后才能启动agent进程
启动 mmmd_agent进程
[root@XKWB5705 etc]# /usr/local/mmm/scripts/init.d/mmm_agent start
Starting MMM Agent daemon: MySQL Multi-Master Replication Manager
Version: 1.2.3
Ok在monit上配置完mmm_mon.conf之后启动mon进程
[root@CentOS etc]# /usr/local/mmm/scripts/init.d/mmm_mon start
Daemon bin: /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_mon
Daemon pid: /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd.pid
Starting MMM Monitor daemon: MySQL Multi-Master Replication Manager
Version: 1.2.3
Reading config file: mmm_mon.conf
$VAR1 = {};
Ok------------------------
db1和db2查看进程
[root@XKWB5510 etc]# ps aux |grep mmm
root 13702 0.4 0.4 107260 8444 ? S 15:21 0:03 /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_agentmonit上查看进程
[root@CentOS etc]# ps aux |grep mmm
root 24608 0.6 1.9 258556 39352 ? Sl 15:17 0:04 perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_mon
root 24611 0.0 0.4 107392 8280 ? S 15:17 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker rep_backlog
root 24613 0.1 0.4 107392 8252 ? S 15:17 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker mysql
root 24615 0.2 0.2 91668 5368 ? S 15:17 0:01 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker ping
root 24617 0.2 0.4 107392 8280 ? S 15:17 0:01 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker rep_threads连续观察了几次monit上的进程变化情况
从变化情况可以看出monitor用fping检测两个节点的存活状况
[root@CentOS etc]# ps aux |grep mmm
root 24608 0.6 1.9 258556 39356 ? Sl 15:17 0:07 perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_mon
root 24611 0.0 0.4 107392 8288 ? S 15:17 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker rep_backlog
root 24613 0.1 0.4 107392 8264 ? S 15:17 0:01 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker mysql
root 24615 0.2 0.2 91668 5368 ? S 15:17 0:02 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker ping
root 24617 0.1 0.4 107392 8280 ? S 15:17 0:02 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker rep_threads[root@CentOS etc]# ps aux |grep mmm
root 24608 0.6 1.9 258556 39356 ? Sl 15:17 0:07 perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_mon
root 24611 0.0 0.4 107392 8288 ? S 15:17 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker rep_backlog
root 24613 0.1 0.4 107392 8264 ? S 15:17 0:01 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker mysql
root 24615 0.2 0.2 91668 5368 ? S 15:17 0:02 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker ping
root 24617 0.1 0.4 107392 8280 ? S 15:17 0:02 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker rep_threads
root 25887 0.0 0.0 1804 504 ? S 15:35 0:00 /usr/local/mmm/bin/sys/fping -q -u -t 500 -C 1 211.100.97.246[root@CentOS etc]# ps aux |grep mmm
root 24608 0.6 1.9 258556 39356 ? Sl 15:17 0:07 perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_mon
root 24611 0.0 0.4 107392 8288 ? S 15:17 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker rep_backlog
root 24613 0.1 0.4 107392 8264 ? S 15:17 0:01 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker mysql
root 24615 0.2 0.2 91668 5368 ? S 15:17 0:02 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker ping
root 24617 0.1 0.4 107392 8280 ? S 15:17 0:02 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/check/checker rep_threads
root 25890 0.0 0.0 1804 504 ? S 15:35 0:00 /usr/local/mmm/bin/sys/fping -q -u -t 500 -C 1 211.100.97.250连续观察db2上进程的变化情况
可以看到db2不断检测db1的读进程以及monit的写进程
[root@XKWB5705 etc]# ps aux |grep mmm
root 1613 0.3 0.2 107272 8440 ? S 15:18 0:04 /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_agent
root 12026 0.0 0.1 99564 7056 ? S 15:38 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/agent/check_role writer(211.100.97.248;)
root 12027 0.0 0.1 102200 7572 ? R 15:38 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/mysql_allow_write[root@XKWB5705 etc]# ps aux |grep mmm
root 1613 0.3 0.2 107272 8440 ? S 15:18 0:04 /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_agent
root 12121 0.0 0.1 92552 6176 ? R 15:38 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/agent/check_role writer(211.100.97.248;)root 1613 0.3 0.2 107272 8440 ? S 15:18 0:04 /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_agent
root 12202 0.0 0.1 90072 5744 ? R 15:38 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/agent/check_role reader(211.100.97.244;)[root@XKWB5705 etc]# ps aux |grep mmm
root 1613 0.3 0.2 107272 8440 ? S 15:18 0:04 /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_agent连续观察db1上进程的变化情况
可以看到db1不断检测db2的读进程
[root@XKWB5510 etc]# ps aux |grep mmm |grep -v grep
root 13702 0.4 0.4 107260 8444 ? S 15:21 0:06 /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_agent
root 26820 0.0 0.3 97212 6712 ? R 15:44 0:00 perl /usr/local/mmm/bin/agent/check_role reader(211.100.97.243;)
[root@XKWB5510 etc]# ps aux |grep mmm |grep -v grep
root 13702 0.4 0.4 107260 8444 ? S 15:21 0:06 /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/mmm/sbin/mmmd_agent
----------------------------六 添加开机自动启动
db1, db2 开机自启动
cp -r /usr/local/mmm/scripts/init.d/mmm_agent /etc/init.d/mmmd
chkconfig --add mmmd
chkconfig --level 345 mmmd on
查看一下添加结果：
[root@XKWB5705 etc]# chkconfig --list mmmd
mmmd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:offMon 开机自启动
[root@CentOS etc]# cp -r /usr/local/mmm/scripts/init.d/mmm_agent /etc/init.d/mmmd
[root@CentOS etc]# chkconfig --add mmmd
[root@CentOS etc]# chkconfig --level 345 mmmd on
[root@CentOS etc]# chkconfig --list mmmd
mmmd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
----------------------------------七 测试
先介绍一下几种状态：
online 正常运行
admin_offline 主机被手动设置成offline
hard_offline 主机处于offline状态，可能是检测ping或者mysql失败
awaiting_recovery 主机正在等待恢复
replication_delay replication backlog太大了（检测rep_backlog线程失败）
replication_fail replication线程没有运行（检测rep_threads线程失败）最初始状态：
mmm_control set_online db1 让db1上线
mmm_control set_online db2 让db2上线
[root@CentOS etc]# mmm_control show
Servers status:
db1(211.100.97.246): master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(211.100.97.243;), writer(211.100.97.248;)
db2(211.100.97.250): master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(211.100.97.244;)从以上可以看到db1是主写服务器
-------------------------------------当我停止db1【246】的mysql进程时，日志信息
[2011-09-28 16:00:00]: 24608: Check: CHECK_FAIL(db2, rep_threads) Returned message: ERROR: Replication is broken
[2011-09-28 16:00:07]: 24608: Check: CHECK_OK(db1, mysql)
[2011-09-28 16:00:08]: 24608: Daemon: State change(db1): HARD_OFFLINE -> AWAITING_RECOVERY
[2011-09-28 16:00:10]: 24608: Daemon: State change(db1): AWAITING_RECOVERY -> ONLINE. Uptime diff = 12.109999999986 seconds; Status change diff = 1317196810[root@CentOS var]# mmm_control show
Servers status:
db1(211.100.97.246): master/HARD_OFFLINE. Roles: None
db2(211.100.97.250): master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(211.100.97.243;), reader(211.100.97.244;), writer(211.100.97.248;)
从以上可以看到主写服务器已经从db1切换到db2，而且db1是offline状态当我重新启动db1【246】的mysql进程时
[2011-09-28 16:01:54]: 24608: Check: CHECK_OK(db1, mysql)
[2011-09-28 16:01:55]: 24608: Daemon: State change(db1): HARD_OFFLINE -> AWAITING_RECOVERY
[2011-09-28 16:01:56]: 24608: Check: CHECK_OK(db2, rep_threads)
[2011-09-28 16:01:56]: 24608: Daemon: State change(db1): AWAITING_RECOVERY -> ONLINE. Uptime diff = 2.94999999995343 seconds; Status change diff = 1317196916
-------------------------------当我停止db2【250】的mysql进程时
[2011-09-28 16:29:22]: 24608: Check: CHECK_FAIL(db2, mysql) Returned message: ERROR: Connect error (host = 211.100.97.250:3306, user = rep_agent, pass = xxxxxx)! Lost connection to MySQL server at reading initial communication packet, system error: 111
[2011-09-28 16:29:23]: 24608: Daemon: State change(db2): ONLINE -> HARD_OFFLINE
[2011-09-28 16:29:26]: 24608: Check: CHECK_FAIL(db1, rep_threads) Returned message: ERROR: Replication is broken[root@CentOS var]# mmm_control show
Servers status:
db1(211.100.97.246): master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(211.100.97.243;), reader(211.100.97.244;), writer(211.100.97.248;)
db2(211.100.97.250): master/HARD_OFFLINE. Roles: None
从以上可以看到db2处于offline状态当我重新启动db2【250】的mysql进程时，日志里面的状态提示已经发生了变化，变成了online状态
[2011-09-28 16:34:26]: 24608: Check: CHECK_OK(db2, mysql)
[2011-09-28 16:34:28]: 24608: Daemon: State change(db2): HARD_OFFLINE -> AWAITING_RECOVERY
[2011-09-28 16:34:29]: 24608: Daemon: State change(db2): AWAITING_RECOVERY -> ONLINE. Uptime diff = 306.320000000065 seconds; Status change diff = 1317198869[root@CentOS var]# mmm_control show
Servers status:
db1(211.100.97.246): master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(211.100.97.244;), writer(211.100.97.248;)
db2(211.100.97.250): master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(211.100.97.243;)通过以上测试证明整个搭建成功，已经实现了高可用，实现失败节点的自动切换
八 附---MMM简介
MMM即Master-Master Replication Manager for MySQL（mysql主主复制管理器）关于mysql主主复制配置的监控、故障转移和管理的一套可伸缩的脚本套件（在任何时候只有一个节点可以被写入），这个套件也能对居于标准的主从配置的任意数量的从服务器进行读负载均衡，所以你可以用它来在一组居于复制的服务器启动虚拟ip，除此之外，它还有实现数据备份、节点之间重新同步功能的脚本。
MySQL本身没有提供replication failover的解决方案，通过MMM方案能实现服务器的故障转移，从而实现mysql的高可用。
官方网站为：
Mmm主要功能由下面三个脚本提供
l mmm_mond 负责所有的监控工作的监控守护进程，决定节点的移除等等
l mmm_agentd 运行在服务器上的代理守护进程，通过简单远程服务集提供给监控节点
l mmm_control 通过命令行管理mmm_mond进程看完上述内容是否对您有帮助呢？如果还想对相关知识有进一步的了解或阅读更多相关文章，请关注行业资讯频道，感谢您对的支持。
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