如何使用RMAN实现Oracle数据库迁移

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1.打开RMAN

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sun Apr 6 17:52:06 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ENMOEDU (DBID=87396644)

RMAN> 

2.查看当前的配置信息并修改配置信息

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ENMOEDU are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO %F; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM AES128; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM BASIC AS OF RELEASE DEFAULT OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_ENMOEDU.f; # default

RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored3.对数据库进行一次全备

RMAN> backup database include current controlfile plus archivelog;

Starting backup at 06-APR-14

current log archived

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

                            .

                            . 

                            .

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 06-APR-14

4.查看备份情况，删除冗余备份

RMAN> list backup;

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

1       70.64M     DISK        00:00:00     06-APR-14

BP Key: 1   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20140406T181504

Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/backupset/2014_04_06/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20140406T181504_9n2b987h_.bkp

.

.

.

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------

11      Full    9.36M      DISK        00:00:00     06-APR-14

        BP Key: 11   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20140406T183542

Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/autobackup/2014_04_06/o1_mf_s_844194942_9n2chyvw_.bkp

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 04-APR-14

  SPFILE db_unique_name: ENMOEDU

Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1302814      Ckp time: 06-APR-14

RMAN> delete obsolete;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command

RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1

using channel ORA_DISK_1

Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:

Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle

-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------

Archive Log          1      06-APR-14          /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/archivelog/2014_04_06/o1_mf_1_91_9n27s6o2_.arc

.

.

.

Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes

.

.

.

deleted backup piece

backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/backupset/2014_04_06/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20140406T183529_9n2chwnm_.bkp RECID=9 STAMP=844194940

Deleted 11 objects

5.将快速恢复区下的备份发送到要建立数据库的主机上

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/

[oracle@ENMOEDU fast_recovery_area]$ scp -r ENMOEDU/ oracle@192.168.80.11:/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/

oracle@192.168.80.11s password: 

o1_mf_1_95_9n2chxov_.arc                                                               100% 3072     3.0KB/s   00:00

o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140406T183529_9n2chkgc_.bkp                                           100% 1059MB  53.0MB/s   00:20

o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140406T183529_9n2chrl2_.bkp                                           100%  224MB  55.9MB/s   00:04

o1_mf_annnn_TAG20140406T183541_9n2chxs6_.bkp                                           100% 4608     4.5KB/s   00:00

o1_mf_s_844194942_9n2chyvw_.bkp                                                        100% 9600KB   9.4MB/s   00:00

control02.ctl                                                                          100% 9520KB   9.3MB/s   00:00

6.在建立数据库的主机上查看传输过来的备份

[oracle@FRANK ~]$ ls /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/

ENMOEDU  FRANK

此时，数据库的备份传输成功。

7.利用RMAN恢复数据库

[oracle@FRANK ENMOEDU]$ export ORACLE_SID=ENMOEDU

[oracle@FRANK ENMOEDU]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

ENMOEDU

[oracle@FRANK ENMOEDU]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat Mar 1 15:10:16 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup nomount

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     171581440 bytes

Fixed Size                     1343668 bytes

Variable Size                117444428 bytes

Database Buffers              50331648 bytes

Redo Buffers                   2461696 bytes

1)恢复控制文件

RMAN> restore controlfile FROM AUTOBACKUP;

Starting restore at 01-MAR-14

using channel ORA_DISK_1

recovery area destination: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

database name (or database unique name) used for search: ENMOEDU

channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/autobackup/2014_03_01/o1_mf_s_841048138_9k2bgbo1_.bkp found in the recovery area

AUTOBACKUP search with format "%F" not attempted because DBID was not set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/autobackup/2014_03_01/o1_mf_s_841048138_9k2bgbo1_.bkp

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 03/01/2014 15:33:58

ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/autobackup/2014_03_01/o1_mf_s_841048138_9k2bgbo1_.bkp

ORA-19504: failed to create file "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/control01.ctl"

ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file

Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 1

根据提示我们创建文件夹：

[oracle@FRANK 2014_04_06]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU

继续之前的恢复工作：

RMAN> restore controlfile FROM AUTOBACKUP;

Starting restore at 01-MAR-14

using channel ORA_DISK_1

recovery area destination: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

database name (or database unique name) used for search: ENMOEDU

channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/autobackup/2014_03_01/o1_mf_s_841048138_9k2bgbo1_.bkp found in the recovery area

AUTOBACKUP search with format "%F" not attempted because DBID was not set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/autobackup/2014_03_01/o1_mf_s_841048138_9k2bgbo1_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from AUTOBACKUP complete

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/control01.ctl

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/control02.ctl

Finished restore at 01-MAR-14

控制文件恢复成功。

2)将数据库启动到mount模式

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

启动成功。

3）恢复数据库文件

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 01-MAR-14

Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 01-MAR-14

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK

Crosschecked 9 objects

Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 01-MAR-14

                            .

                           . 

                           .

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/backupset/2014_03_04/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140304T114802_9kbm7lm8_.bkp tag=TAG20140304T114802

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

Finished restore at 01-MAR-14

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 01-MAR-14

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

unable to find archived log

archived log thread=1 sequence=1

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 03/01/2014 15:53:22

RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 and starting SCN of 1459216

由提示可得，归档日志已经用完，要应用在线日志来恢复数据库。

4）传输在线日志并应用

[oracle@ENMOEDU ENMOEDU]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/

[oracle@ENMOEDU ENMOEDU]$ ls

control01.ctl  redo01.log  redo03.log    system01.dbf  test01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf

example01.dbf  redo02.log  sysaux01.dbf  temp01.dbf    test02.dbf  users01.dbf

[oracle@ENMOEDU ENMOEDU]$ scp *.log oracle@192.168.80.11:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/

oracle@192.168.80.11s password: 

redo01.log                                                                                 100%   50MB  50.0MB/s   00:01

redo02.log                                                                                 100%   50MB  50.0MB/s   00:01

redo03.log                                                                                 100%   50MB  50.0MB/s   00:01

 

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 01-MAR-14

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 is already on disk as file

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo01.log

archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo01.log thread=1 sequence=9

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 01-MAR-14

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