SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE有什么用途

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根据我的理解：

snapshot control file只有在同步catalog的时候用到或者在控制文件备份的时候用到

（在备份控制文件之前会备份一个 SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE ）

----------------------------------------------------------

SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE 的用途，顾名思义，应该是用来恢复控制文件的，下面是我的测试结果：

结论是：

1.SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE 不能直接copy成control file，如果数据库已经shutdown

2.可以通过rman，将SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE 恢复成控制文件

3.如果数据库没有shutdown，可以直接copy SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE 成控制文件，但仍需要恢复（因为他是旧的）

下面是我的测试步骤：

---------------------------------------

查看snapshot controlfile的备份设置:

RMAN> SHOW SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME;

RMAN configuration parameters are:

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO /u01/ora9a/product/9.2/dbs/snapcf_tt9a.f; # default

RMAN>

下面模拟控制文件丢失的恢复

$ ls

control01.ctl  cwmlite01.dbf  indx01.dbf     redo02.log     temp01.dbf     users01.dbf

control02.ctl  drsys01.dbf    odm01.dbf      redo03.log     tools01.dbf    xdb01.dbf

control03.ctl  example01.dbf  redo01.log     system01.dbf   undotbs01.dbf

$ rm cont*  --删除控制文件

$ ls

cwmlite01.dbf  example01.dbf  odm01.dbf      redo02.log     system01.dbf   tools01.dbf    users01.dbf

drsys01.dbf    indx01.dbf     redo01.log     redo03.log     temp01.dbf     undotbs01.dbf  xdb01.dbf

$

在控制文件被删除后，数据库还能正常操作：

SQL> insert into test(no) values(4);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system checkpoint;

System altered.

SQL> /

System altered.

SQL>

SQL> select no,to_char(vdate,yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss) from  test;

NO TO_CHAR(VDATE,YYYY-MM-DDHH24:MI:SS)

---------- ---------------------------------------------------------

        1 2009-02-24 10:16:09

        2 2009-02-24 10:25:30

        3 2009-02-24 10:26:56

4 2009-02-24 10:30:59

SQL>

重新启动数据库：

SQL> connect /as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> shutdown immediate

ORA-00210: cannot open the specified controlfile

ORA-00202: controlfile: /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control01.ctl

ORA-27041: unable to open file

IBM AIX RISC System/6000 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

没有了控制文件了，shutdown immediate出错

SQL>

SQL> shutdown abort;

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  320569400 bytes

Fixed Size                   741432 bytes

Variable Size             285212672 bytes

Database Buffers           33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers                1060864 bytes

ORA-00205: error in identifying controlfile, check alert log for more info

SQL>

没有控制文件，数据库不能mount，现在把SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE copy到对应目录

$ cp /u01/ora9a/product/9.2/dbs/snapcf_tt9a.f /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control01.ctl

$ cp /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control01.ctl /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control0t.ctl

$ cp /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control01.ctl /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control03.ctl

$ ls -lrt /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/contr*

-rw-r-----   1 ora9a    dba         1531904 Feb 24 10:36 /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control01.ctl

-rw-r-----   1 ora9a    dba         1531904 Feb 24 10:36 /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control0t.ctl

-rw-r-----   1 ora9a    dba         1531904 Feb 24 10:36 /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control03.ctl

$

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  320569400 bytes

Fixed Size                   741432 bytes

Variable Size             285212672 bytes

Database Buffers           33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers                1060864 bytes

ORA-00205: error in identifying controlfile, check alert log for more info

照样不能mount数据库

----------------------------------------

尝试用rman恢复控制文件:

$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup nomount;

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     320569400 bytes

Fixed Size                      741432 bytes

Variable Size                285212672 bytes

Database Buffers              33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers                   1060864 bytes

RMAN>  restore controlfile from /u01/ora9a/product/9.2/dbs/snapcf_tt9a.f;

Starting restore at 24-FEB-09

using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=13 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: copied controlfile copy

replicating controlfile

input filename=/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control01.ctl

output filename=/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control02.ctl

output filename=/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control03.ctl

Finished restore at 24-FEB-09

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

RMAN>

ok,用rman可以进行恢复，让数据mount起来

恢复数据库

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 24-FEB-09

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archive log thread 1 sequence 1 is already on disk as file /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/redo01.log

archive log thread 1 sequence 2 is already on disk as file /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/redo02.log

archive log thread 1 sequence 3 is already on disk as file /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/redo03.log

archive log filename=/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/redo01.log thread=1 sequence=0

archive log filename=/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/redo02.log thread=1 sequence=2

archive log filename=/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/redo03.log thread=1 sequence=3

media recovery complete

Finished recover at 24-FEB-09

RMAN> alter database open;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 02/24/2009 10:47:36

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened

RMAN>

查看先前insert的数据：

SQL> select no,to_char(vdate,yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss) from  test;

NO TO_CHAR(VDATE,YYYY-MM-DDHH24:MI:SS)

---------- ---------------------------------------------------------

        1 2009-02-24 10:16:09

2 2009-02-24 10:25:30

        3 2009-02-24 10:26:56

        4 2009-02-24 10:30:59

SQL>

数据仍在，恢复成功!

=============================

下面仍是在数据库正常运行情况下，将控制文件删除，仍测试直接copy SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE 的恢复方式：

SQL> insert into test(no) values(5);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL>

SQL> !

$ pwd

/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a

$ ls

control01.ctl  control0t.ctl  example01.dbf  redo01.log     system01.dbf   undotbs01.dbf

control02.ctl  cwmlite01.dbf  indx01.dbf     redo02.log     temp01.dbf     users01.dbf

control03.ctl  drsys01.dbf    odm01.dbf      redo03.log     tools01.dbf    xdb01.dbf

$ rm contr*

$ ls

cwmlite01.dbf  example01.dbf  odm01.dbf      redo02.log     system01.dbf   tools01.dbf    users01.dbf

drsys01.dbf    indx01.dbf     redo01.log     redo03.log     temp01.dbf     undotbs01.dbf  xdb01.dbf

$

$ exit

SQL> select * from v$controlfile;

STATUS

---------------------

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control01.ctl

/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control02.ctl

/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control03.ctl

SQL> select dbid from v$database;

select dbid from v$database

                *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00210: cannot open the specified controlfile

ORA-00202: controlfile: /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/control01.ctl

ORA-27041: unable to open file

IBM AIX RISC System/6000 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

SQL>

没有控制文件，查询失败

现在将SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE copy到对应目录，尝试直接恢复成控制文件:

SQL> !

$ pwd

/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a

$ cp  /u01/ora9a/product/9.2/dbs/snapcf_tt9a.f  control01.ctl

$ cp control01.ctl control02.ctl

$ cp control01.ctl control03.ctl

$ ls -lrt cont*

-rw-r-----   1 ora9a    dba         1531904 Feb 24 10:55 control01.ctl

-rw-r-----   1 ora9a    dba         1531904 Feb 24 10:55 control02.ctl

-rw-r-----   1 ora9a    dba         1531904 Feb 24 10:55 control03.ctl

$

注意，此时不要起停数据库，否则这样恢复的控制文件仍不可用

尝试查询control file信息

SQL> select dbid from v$database;

DBID

----------

3459515476

SQL>

ok,成功

查询数据文件头信息

SQL> select CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#   from v$datafile_header;

select CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#   from v$datafile_header

                                *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2170], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

SQL>

失败

现在重新启动数据库，看看是否可以到mount状态：

SQL> shutdown immediate

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kccchb_1], [356], [353], [0], [353], [0], [], []

SQL> shutdown abort;

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL>

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  320569400 bytes

Fixed Size                   741432 bytes

Variable Size             285212672 bytes

Database Buffers           33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers                1060864 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

SQL>

ok，此时数据库可以mount起来了

SQL>

SQL> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

alter database open resetlogs

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent

ORA-01110: data file 1: /u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/system01.dbf

提示需要恢复

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile;

ORA-00279: change 349227 generated at 02/24/2009 10:49:58 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/arch/1_1.dbf

ORA-00280: change 349227 for thread 1 is in sequence #1

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

AUTO

ORA-00328: archived log ends at change 347581, need later change 349227

ORA-00334: archived log: /u01/arch/1_1.dbf

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile;

ORA-00279: change 349227 generated at 02/24/2009 10:49:58 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/arch/1_1.dbf

ORA-00280: change 349227 for thread 1 is in sequence #1

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

/u01/ora9a/oradata/tt9a/redo01.log

Log applied.

Media recovery complete.

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL>

恢复成功

SQL> select no,to_char(vdate,yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss) from  test order by vdate;

NO TO_CHAR(VDATE,YYYY-MM-DDHH24:MI:SS)

---------- ---------------------------------------------------------

        1 2009-02-24 10:16:09

        2 2009-02-24 10:25:30

        3 2009-02-24 10:26:56

4 2009-02-24 10:30:59

        5 2009-02-24 10:51:01

SQL>

ok,新插入的数据也在。

“SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE有什么用途”的内容就介绍到这里了，感谢大家的阅读。如果想了解更多行业相关的知识可以关注网站，小编将为大家输出更多高质量的实用文章！