数据库更新表数据时出现ORA-02292错误怎么解决

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在更新表的主键字段或DELETE数据时，如果遇到ORA-02292: integrity constraint (xxxx) violated - child record found 这个是因为主外键关系，下面借助一个小列子来描述一下这个错误：

实验：

--建立主表

SQL> create table student(id  number,name nvarchar2(12),constraint pk_student primary key(id));

Table created.

--建立外键约束表

SQL> create table grades(id  number ,subject nvarchar2(12),scores number,constraint pk_grades primary key(id ,subject),constraint fk_student_id foreign key(id) references student(id));

Table created.

SQL> insert into student values(1001,kerry);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into student values(1002,jimmy);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> insert into grades values(1001, math, 120);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into grades values(1001, english, 106);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

--查看：

SQL> select * from student;

        ID NAME

---------- ------------------------

      1001 kerry

      1002 jimmy

SQL> select * from grades;

        ID SUBJECT                      SCORES

---------- ------------------------ ----------

1001 math                            120

      1001 english                         106

--更新主表列

SQL> update student set id=1004 where name=kerry;

update student set id=1004 where name=kerry

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-02292: integrity constraint (SYS.FK_STUDENT_ID) violated - child record

found

--报错，解决：首先找到外键约束和相关表，禁用外键约束，处理数据，然后启用外键约束：查询dba_constraints

SQL> col OWNER for a10

SQL> select owner,CONSTRAINT_NAME,TABLE_NAME,SEARCH_CONDITION,VALIDATED from dba_constraints where constraint_name=FK_STUDENT_ID;

OWNER      CONSTRAINT_NAME                TABLE_NAME                     SEARCH_CONDITION               VALIDATED

---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------

SYS        FK_STUDENT_ID                  GRADES                                                         VALIDATED

SQL>

--disable约束：

SQL> alter table sys.grades disable constraint FK_STUDENT_ID;

Table altered.

SQL>

SQL> update student set id=1004 where name=kerry;

1 row updated.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> update grades set id=1004 where id =1001;

2 rows updated.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

--修改完后，再enable约束：

SQL> alter table sys.grades enable constraint FK_STUDENT_ID;

Table altered.

--查看：

SQL>  select * from student;

        ID NAME

---------- ------------------------

      1004 kerry

      1002 jimmy

SQL> select * from grades;

        ID SUBJECT                      SCORES

---------- ------------------------ ----------

1004 math                            120

      1004 english                         106

SQL>

---如果是删除数据遇到这种情况，可以先删除子表数据，然后删除父表数据，如下：

SQL> delete from student where id=1004;

delete from student where id=1004

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-02292: integrity constraint (SYS.FK_STUDENT_ID) violated - child record found

--先删除子表中相关列数据，

SQL>  delete from grades where id in ( select id from student where id=1004);

2 rows deleted.

--再次删除

SQL>  delete from student where id=1004;

1 row deleted.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from student;

ID NAME

---------- ------------------------

      1002 jimmy

SQL> select * from grades;

no rows selected

SQL>

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