Spring boot如何通过@Scheduled实现定时任务及多线程配置

Spring boot如何通过@Scheduled实现定时任务及多线程配置

这篇文章主要介绍了Spring boot如何通过@Scheduled实现定时任务及多线程配置,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下

使用@Scheduled 可以很容易实现定时任务

spring boot的版本 2.1.6.RELEASE

package com.abc.demo.common;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@EnableScheduling

@Component

public class ScheduleSetting {

private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Tasks.class);

@Scheduled(fixedRate = 10000, initialDelay = 2000)

public void scheduleRead() {

try {

long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();

System.out.println("cron1任务开始,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ", threadId=" + thread.getId() + http://", threadName=" + thread.getName());

long endStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

try {

TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(20);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println("cron1任务正在运行的线程名称：" + thread.getName() + " 结束,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ",end=" + simpleDateFormat.format(endStamp));

System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++");

} catch (Exception e) {

logger.error(e.getMessage());

}

}

@Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000, initialDelay = 1000)

public void scheduleConvert() {

try {

long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();

System.out.println("cron2任务开始,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ", threadId=" + thread.getId() + ", threadName=" + thread.getName());

try {

TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

long endStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

System.out.println("cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：" + thread.getName() + " 结束,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ",end=" + simpleDateFormat.format(endStamp));

System.out.println("====================");

} catch (Exception e) {

logger.error(e.getMessage());

}

}

}

运行输出内容为

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:31:52, threadId=34, threadName=scheduling-1

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：scheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:31:52,end=2019-10-11 17:32:02

====================

cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:32:02, threadId=34, threadName=scheduling-1

cron1任务正在运行的线程名称：scheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:32:02,end=2019-10-11 17:32:02

++++++++++++++++++++++++

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:32:22, threadId=34, threadName=scheduling-1

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：scheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:32:22,end=2019-10-11 17:32:32

……

注：

cron2执行完后才会执行cron1

原因：

spring默认是以单线程执行任务调度

spring的定时任务默认最大运行线程数为1，多个任务执行起来时间会有问题

1.配置线程池

在配置文件application.properties中添加

# 线程池大小

spring.task.scheduling.pool.size=5

# 线程名前缀

spring.task.scheduling.thread-name-prefix=myScheduling-

输出内容变为

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:34:48, threadId=34, threadName=myScheduling-1

cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:34:49, threadId=35, threadName=myScheduling-2

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：myScheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:34:48,end=2019-10-11 17:34:58

====================

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:34:58, threadId=34, threadName=myScheduling-1

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：myScheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:34:58,end=2019-10-11 17:35:08

====================

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:35:08, threadId=57, threadName=myScheduling-3

cron1任务正在运行的线程名称：myScheduling-2 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:34:49,end=2019-10-11 17:34:49

……

注：

多线程下，cron1和cron2不用互相等待了，但是同一个任务还是需要等待的

2.并发

修改代码

package com.abc.demo.common;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@EnableScheduling

@Component

@EnableAsync

public class ScheduleSetting {

private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Tasks.class);

@Async

@Scheduled(fixedRate = 10000, initialDelay = 2000)

public void scheduleRead() {

try {

long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();

System.out.println("cron1任务开始,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ", threadId=" + thread.getId() + ", threadName=" + thread.getName());

long endStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

try {

TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(20);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println("cron1任务正在运行的线程名称：" + thread.getName() + " 结束,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ",end=" + simpleDateFormat.format(endStamp));

System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++");

} catch (Exception e) {

logger.error(e.getMessage());

}

}

@Async

@Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000, initialDelay = 1000)

public void scheduleConvert() {

try {

long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();

System.out.println("cron2任务开始,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ", threadId=" + thread.getId() + ", threadName=" + thread.getName());

try {

TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

long endStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

System.out.println("cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：" + thread.getName() + " 结束,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ",end=" + simpleDateFormat.format(endStamp));

System.out.println("====================");

} catch (Exception e) {

logger.error(e.getMessage());

}

}

}

输出的内容

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:39:53, threadId=57, threadName=task-1

cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:39:54, threadId=59, threadName=task-2

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:39:58, threadId=61, threadName=task-3

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:40:03, threadId=63, threadName=task-4

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：task-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:39:53,end=2019-10-11 17:40:03

====================

cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:40:04, threadId=64, threadName=task-5

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:40:08, threadId=65, threadName=task-6

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：task-3 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:39:58,end=2019-10-11 17:40:08

====================

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:40:13, threadId=66, threadName=task-7

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：task-4 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:40:03,end=2019-10-11 17:40:13

====================

cron1任务正在运行的线程名称：task-2 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:39:54,end=2019-10-11 17:39:54

说明：

@EnableAsync开启多线程

　　@Async标记其为一个异步任务

　　每个定时任务都是在通过不同的线程来处理，线程名的前缀成了task-

　　线程默认为10个

修改配置

spring.task.execution.thread-name-prefix=mytask-

spring.task.execution.pool.core-size=5

重新运行的输出

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:00, threadId=56, threadName=mytask-1

cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:01, threadId=57, threadName=mytask-2

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:05, threadId=58, threadName=mytask-3

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:10, threadId=59, threadName=mytask-4

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：mytask-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:44:00,end=2019-10-11 17:44:10

====================

cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:11, threadId=60, threadName=mytask-5

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：mytask-3 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:44:05,end=2019-10-11 17:44:15

====================

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:15, thrMNQvUPeadId=58, threadName=mytask-3

cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:20, threadId=56, threadName=mytask-1

cron2任务正在运行的线程名称：mytask-4 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:44:10,end=2019-10-11 17:44:20

====================

cron1任务正在运行的线程名称：mytask-2 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:44:01,end=201http://9-10-11 17:44:01

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