linux图形编程之SDL

linux图形编程之SDL

SDL start

SDL是编写跨平台游戏和多媒体应用的支持库，包含了对图形、声音、游戏杆、线程等支持，内容丰富、应用广泛。 ubuntu15.04上安装SDL: Source Code在 ​​​-zxvf SDL-1.2.15.tar.gz​​​，在加压后的文件夹SDL-1.2.15中使用root账户进行安装三部曲​​./configure; make; make install​​​ 安装完成后根据安装过程中出现log我们可以知道Libraries在​​​/usr/local/lib​​​，而编码所需要的文件​​SDL.h​​在/usr/local/include/SDL中，这依靠find命令可以查找到。在INSTALL文件中可以发现更多的东西：

Look at the example programs in ./test, and check out the HTML documentation in ./docs to see how to use the

我们可以将/usr/local/lib中的库文件放到/usr/lib中，将/usr/local/include/SDL中的头文件放到/usr/include中，然后gcc就能找到了。 对于写好的程序，如果直接编译​​​gcc -o sdl1 sdl1.c​​，那会出现错误：

/tmp/ccEE9bhU.o: In function `main':sdl1.c:(.text+0x17): undefined reference to `SDL_Init'sdl1.c:(.text+0x23): undefined reference to `SDL_GetError'sdl1.c:(.text+0x59): undefined reference to `SDL_SetVideoMode'sdl1.c:(.text+0x6a): undefined reference to `SDL_GetError'sdl1.c:(.text+0x95): undefined reference to `SDL_Quit'sdl1.c:(.text+0xc3): undefined reference to `SDL_MapRGB'sdl1.c:(.text+0xd9): undefined reference to `SDL_FillRect'sdl1.c:(.text+0xef): undefined reference to `SDL_UpdateRect'sdl1.c:(.text+0x10c): undefined reference to `SDL_Delay'

在命令的最后加上连接选项​​-lSDL​​​，如：​​gcc -o sdl1 sdl1.c -lSDL​​​ 例子：创建一个红色屏幕，并停留5秒。

#include #include #include int main(){ SDL_Surface *screen; unsigned int color; int x; if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO)<0){ fprintf(stderr,"SDL_Init error: %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640,480,16,SDL_SWSURFACE); if(screen == NULL){ fprintf(stderr,"couldn't set 640*480*16 bits color model, error is %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } color = SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,255,0,0); SDL_FillRect(screen,NULL,color); SDL_UpdateRect(screen,0,0,0,0); SDL_Delay(5000); atexit(SDL_Quit); return 0;}

效果：

例子：加载一张bmp图片，在窗口显示5秒。

#include #include #include void show(char *png,SDL_Surface *screen,int x,int y){ SDL_Surface *image = SDL_LoadBMP(png); SDL_Rect rect; if(image == NULL){ fprintf(stderr,"SDL_LoadBMP error %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } rect.x = x; rect.y = y; rect.w = 1026; //image->w; rect.h = 767; //image->h; SDL_BlitSurface(image,NULL,screen,&rect); SDL_UpdateRects(screen,1,&rect);}int main(){ SDL_Surface *screen; int x,y; if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0){ fprintf(stderr,"SDL_INIT_VIDEO error %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(1026,767,24,SDL_SWSURFACE); if(screen == NULL){ fprintf(stderr,"SDL_SetVideoMode error %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } atexit(SDL_Quit); show("test.bmp",screen,0,0); SDL_Delay(5000); return 0;}

SDL_ttf

SDL_ttf是一个支持trueType字体的附加库。 SDL_ttf for SDL 1.2: ​​​ 我选择SDL_ttf-2.0.11.tar.gz，解压、安装后还是将/usr/local/include, /usr/local/lib中的文件复制到/usr/include, /usr/local中，便于编译执行。 简单应用：

#include #include int main(){ SDL_Surface *text, *screen; SDL_Rect rect; TTF_Font *font; if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0){ fprintf(stderr,"SDL_Init error %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(440,240,16,SDL_SWSURFACE); if(screen == NULL){ fprintf(stderr,"SDL_SetVideoMode error %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } atexit(SDL_Quit); if(TTF_Init() != 0){ fprintf(stderr,"TTF_Init error %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } char *fontPath = "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arphic/ukai.ttc"; int fontsize = 28; SDL_Color red = {255,0,0,0}; font = TTF_OpenFont(fontPath,fontsize); TTF_SetFontStyle(font,TTF_STYLE_NORMAL); text = TTF_RenderUTF8_Blended(font,"hello, SDL_ttf truetype 字体",red); TTF_CloseFont(font); TTF_Quit(); rect.x = 30; rect.y = 30; rect.w = text->w; rect.y = text->h; SDL_BlitSurface(text,NULL,screen,&rect); SDL_UpdateRect(screen,0,0,0,0); SDL_FreeSurface(text); SDL_Delay(5000); return 0;}

SDL_draw

SDL_draw是新增的库插件。带有基本的绘图函数。 SDL_draw source code-网址： ​​​ 我-文件到用户目录/home/edemon/下，然后直接解压得到SDL_draw-1.2.13。到解压后的文件夹中， 再​​​./configure; make; make install​​​安装成功。 例子：利用Draw_Pixel画一条正弦曲线。

#include #include #include #include #include #include int main(){ SDL_Surface *screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640,640,16,SDL_SWSURFACE); int i; double y; if(screen == NULL){ fprintf(stderr,"SDL_SetVideoMode error %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0){ fprintf(stderr,"SDL_INIT_VIDEO error %s\n",SDL_GetError()); exit(1); } atexit(SDL_Quit); for(i=0;i<=640;i++){ y = 320-160*sin(3.14/180*i); Draw_Pixel(screen,i,y,SDL_MapRGB(screen->format,0,255,0)); } SDL_UpdateRect(screen,0,0,0,0); SDL_Delay(6000); printf("this is a simple sin function drawing.\n"); return 0;}

编译时，需要设定相关的路径。

export CFLAGS="`sdl-config --cflags` -I/home/edemon/SDL_draw-1.2.13/include"export LIBS="`sdl-config --libs` /home/edemon/SDL_draw-1.2.13/src/.libs/libSDL_draw.a"gcc -o sin sin.c -Wall $CFLAGS $LIBS -lm

程序执行：

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