k8s资源之job&cronjob

k8s资源之job&cronjob

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​​istio多集群链路追踪，附实操视频​​

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job：

•Job负责批量处理短暂的一次性任务 (short lived one-off tasks)，即仅执行一次的任务，它保证批处理任务的一个或多个Pod成功结束.

Job分类：

RestartPolicy：

•Never

•OnFailure

•如果RestartPolicy指定Never，则job会在pod出现故障时创建新的pod，且故障pod不会消失。.status.failed加1。

•如果RestartPolicy指定OnFailure，则job会在pod出现故障时其内部重启容器，而不是创建pod。.status.failed不变。

[root@master01 job]# cat busybox-never-job.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1kind: Jobmetadata: name: jobspec: template: spec: restartPolicy: Never containers: - name: job image: busybox command: ["echooo","Hello World"]

[root@master01 job]# cat busybox-onfailure-job.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1kind: Jobmetadata: name: jobspec: template: spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: job image: busybox command: ["echooo","Hello World"]

completions:

[root@master01 job]# cat busybox-completions-job.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1kind: Jobmetadata: name: jobspec: completions: 2 template: spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: job image: busybox command: - "sh" args: - "-c" - "sleep 30 && echo helloword"

parallelism:

[root@master01 job]# cat busybox-parallelism-job.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1kind: Jobmetadata: name: jobspec: parallelism: 2 template: spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: job image: busybox command: - "sh" args: - "-c" - "sleep 30 && echo helloword"

[root@master01 job]# cat busybox-completions-parallelism-job.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1kind: Jobmetadata: name: jobspec: parallelism: 2 completions: 2 template: spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: job image: busybox command: - "sh" args: - "-c" - "sleep 30 && echo helloword"

activeDeadlineSeconds:

[root@master01 job]# cat busybox-activeDeadlineSeconds.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1kind: Jobmetadata: name: jobspec: activeDeadlineSeconds: 20 completions: 2 template: spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: job image: busybox command: - "sh" args: - "-c" - "sleep 30 && echo helloword"

ttlSecondsAfterFinished:

•This field is alpha-level and is only honored by servers that enable the TTLAfterFinished feature.

•1.12版本之后，k8s提出了​​通过​​​​TTL​​​​自动删除​​​​Job​​​​的特性​​，当前仅对job生效，对 Complete 和 Failed 状态的Job都会自动删除

manualSelector:

使用batch/v1时，用户需要将jod的spec.manualSelector设置为true，才可以定制selector。默认为false

[root@master01 job]# cat busybox-selector.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1kind: Jobmetadata: name: jobspec: manualSelector: true selector: matchLabels: app: busybox template: metadata: labels: app: busybox spec: restartPolicy: Never containers: - name: job image: busybox command: ["echo","Hello World"]

backoffLimit:

•.spec.backoffLimit用于设置Job的容错次数，默认值为6。当Job运行的Pod失败次数到达.spec.backoffLimit次时，Job Controller不再新建Pod，直接停止运行这个Job，将其运行结果标记为Failure。另外，Pod运行失败后再次运行的时间间隔呈递增状态，例如10s，20s，40s

[root@master01 job]# cat busybox-backoffLimit.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1kind: Jobmetadata: name: jobspec: backoffLimit: 1 template: spec: restartPolicy: Never containers: - name: job image: busybox command: ["echooo","Hello World"]

命令:

•kubectl create job my-job --image=busybox – date

•kubectl create job my-job --image=busybox

•kubectl create job test-job --from=cronjob/a-cronjob

CronJob:

•CronJob即定时任务，就类似于Linux系统的crontab，在指定的时间周期运行指定的任务。

schedule:

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat schedule-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: ["echo","hello"] imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

backoffLimit:

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat backoffLimit-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: backoffLimit: 1 template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: ["echooo","hello"] imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

suspend:

•.spec.suspend 字段也是可选的。如果设置为 true，后续所有执行都将被挂起。它对已经开始执行的 Job 不起作用。默认值为 false。

•kubectl patch cronjob cronjob1 -p '{"spec":{"suspend":false}}'

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat suspend-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: schedule: "*/1 * * * *" suspend: true jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: ["echo","hello"] imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

completions:

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat completion-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: completions: 2 template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: ["echo","hello"] imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat parallelism-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: completions: 2 parallelism: 2 template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: ["echo","hello"] imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

concurrencyPolicy:

spec.concurrencyPolicy 字段也是可选的。它指定了如何处理被 Cron Job 创建的 Job 的并发执行。只允许指定下面策略中的一种：

Allow （默认）：允许并发运行 Job

Forbid ：禁止并发 运行 , 等待前一个执行完毕

Replace ：取消当前正在运行的 Job ，用一个新的来替换

注意，当前策略只能应用于同一个 Cron Job 创建的 Job。如果存在多个 Cron Job，它们创建的 Job 之间总是允许并发运行。

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat concurrencyPolicy-allow-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: concurrencyPolicy: Allow schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: completions: 2 parallelism: 2 template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: ["echo","hello"] imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat concurrencyPolicy-forbid-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: concurrencyPolicy: Forbid schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: completions: 2 parallelism: 2 template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: - "sh" args: - "-c" - "sleep 70" imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat concurrencyPolicy-replace-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: concurrencyPolicy: Replace schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: completions: 2 parallelism: 2 template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: - "sh" args: - "-c" - "sleep 70" imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

startingDeadlineSeconds:

.spec.startingDeadlineSeconds 字段是可选的。它表示启动 Job 的期限（秒级别），如果因为任何原因而错过了被调度的时间，那么错过执行时间的 Job 将被认为是失败的。如果没有指定，则没有期限

activeDeadlineSeconds:

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat activeDeadlineSeconds-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: activeDeadlineSeconds: 10 template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: - "sh" args: - "-c" - "sleep 30" imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

failedJobsHistoryLimit:successfulJobsHistoryLimit

•.spec.successfulJobsHistoryLimit 和 .spec.failedJobsHistoryLimit 这两个字段是可选的。它们指定了可以保留完成和失败 Job 数量的限制。

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat failedJobsHistoryLimit-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: failedJobsHistoryLimit: 2 schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: completions: 1 backoffLimit: 0 template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: ["echoioo","hello"] imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

[root@master01 cronjob]# cat successfulJobsHistoryLimit-cronjob.yaml apiVersion: batch/v1beta1kind: CronJobmetadata: name: cronjob1spec: successfulJobsHistoryLimit: 1 schedule: "*/1 * * * *" jobTemplate: metadata: name: job spec: completions: 2 template: metadata: name: pod spec: restartPolicy: OnFailure containers: - name: busybox image: busybox command: ["echo","hello"] imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent

命令:

kubectl create cronjob my-job -- image= busybox

kubectl create cronjob my-job --image= busybox – date

kubectl create cronjob test-job --image= busybox --schedule="*/1 * * * *"

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