Ceph RBD块存储 快照创建和克隆

Ceph RBD块存储 快照创建和克隆

快照其实和虚拟机的快照是一样的，只不过是用一些命令实现的

创建快照

0、创建rbd使用的pool

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd create --size 10240 image02rbd: error opening default pool 'rbd'Ensure that the default pool has been created or specify an alternate pool name.[root@cephnode01 ~]# ceph osd pool create rbd 32 32pool 'rbd' created[root@cephnode01 ~]# ceph osd pool application enable rbd rbdenabled application 'rbd' on pool 'rbd'

1、创建快照

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd create --size 10240 image02[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd info image02rbd image 'image02': size 10 GiB in 2560 objects order 22 (4 MiB objects) snapshot_count: 0 id: 1bdd49fc87cdb block_name_prefix: rbd_data.1bdd49fc87cdb format: 2 features: layering, exclusive-lock, object-map, fast-diff, deep-flatten op_features: flags: create_timestamp: Tue May 11 10:59:29 2021 access_timestamp: Tue May 11 10:59:29 2021 modify_timestamp: Tue May 11 10:59:29 2021查看pool里面保存了什么信息[root@cephnode01 ~]# rados -p rbd lsrbd_object_map.1bdd49fc87cdbrbd_header.1bdd49fc87cdbrbd_directoryrbd_inforbd_id.image02[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd snap create image02@image02_snap01

2、列出创建的快照

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd snap list image02SNAPID NAME SIZE PROTECTED TIMESTAMP 4 image02_snap01 10 GiB Tue May 11 11:08:53 2021 或者[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd ls -lNAME SIZE PARENT FMT PROT LOCK image02 10 GiB 2 image02@image02_snap01 10 GiB 2

3、查看快照详细信息（这个是全量快照拍过来的）

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd info image02@image02_snap01rbd image 'image02': size 10 GiB in 2560 objects order 22 (4 MiB objects) snapshot_count: 1 id: 1bdd49fc87cdb block_name_prefix: rbd_data.1bdd49fc87cdb format: 2 features: layering, exclusive-lock, object-map, fast-diff, deep-flatten op_features: flags: create_timestamp: Tue May 11 10:59:29 2021 access_timestamp: Tue May 11 10:59:29 2021 modify_timestamp: Tue May 11 10:59:29 2021 protected: False这里父快照是image02

4、克隆快照（快照必须处于被保护状态【不能写】才能被克隆）

这个也就是相对于从一个pool里面导入到另外一个pool里面

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd snap protect image02@image02_snap01[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd clone rbd/image02@image02_snap01 kube/image02_clone01rbd: error opening pool 'kube': (2) No such file or directory[root@cephnode01 ~]# ceph osd pool create kube 32 32pool 'kube' created[root@cephnode01 ~]# ceph osd pool ls.rgw.rootdefault.rgw.controldefault.rgw.metadefault.rgw.logrbdkube[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd clone rbd/image02@image02_snap01 kube/image02_clone01[root@cephnode01 ~]# rados -p kube lsrbd_id.image02_clone01rbd_directoryrbd_childrenrbd_inforbd_header.1be0dd967da90rbd_object_map.1be0dd967da90这里可以看到rbd里面没有数据，在不写数据的时候是不占用集群空间的，相对于限制配额的作用[root@cephnode01 ~]# rados -p rbd lsrbd_object_map.1bdd49fc87cdbrbd_header.1bdd49fc87cdbrbd_directoryrbd_inforbd_id.image02rbd_object_map.1bdd49fc87cdb.0000000000000004

5、查看快照的children，查看到kube这个pool里面有子快照

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd children image02kube/image02_clone01

6、去掉快照的parent

去掉关系，你们拷贝到kube pool下面的块就是独立的块

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd flatten kube/image02_clone01Image flatten: 100% complete...done.[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd children image02[root@cephnode01 ~]# 可以看到不存在父子关系了

恢复快照，恢复到之前版本的快照

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd snap rollback image02@image02_snap01Rolling back to snapshot: 100% complete...done.

删除快照

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd snap unprotect image02@image02_snap01[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd snap remove image02@image02_snap01Removing snap: 100% complete...done.

导出导入RBD镜像

1、导出RBD镜像

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd export image02 /tmp/image02Exporting image: 100% complete...done.

2、导出RBD镜像（就可以在任何集群里面导入）

[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd import /tmp/image02 rbd/image02 --image-format 2 rbd: image creation failedImporting image: 0% complete...failed.rbd: import failed: (17) File exists2021-05-11 11:58:35.620 7fdb494edc80 -1 librbd: rbd image image02 already exists[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd rm image02Removing image: 100% complete...done.[root@cephnode01 ~]# rbd import /tmp/image02 rbd/image02 --image-format 2 Importing image: 100% complete...done.

如果快照用的多的话可以写个脚本，对每天，每小时，拍的快照以日期做后缀名

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