SpringBoot项目下的JUnit测试

SpringBoot项目下的JUnit测试

在SpringBoot项目里，要编写单元测试用例，需要依赖3个jar。一个是最基本的JUnit，然后是spring-test和spring-boot-test。

junit junit 4.12 test org.springframework spring-test 5.1.9.RELEASE test org.springframework.boot spring-boot-test 2.1.7.RELEASE test

如果在运行testcase时，遇到如下问题，那么，原因是因为没有引入spring-core包（错误消息里说的很明白了，见其中的springframework/core）

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata.introspect(Ljava/lang/Class;)Lorg/springframework/core/type/AnnotationMetadata; at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition.(AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition.java:58) at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.doRegisterBean(AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.java:253) at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.registerBean(AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.java:147) at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.register(AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.java:137) at org.springframework.boot.BeanDefinitionLoader.load(BeanDefinitionLoader.java:156) at org.springframework.boot.BeanDefinitionLoader.load(BeanDefinitionLoader.java:135) at org.springframework.boot.BeanDefinitionLoader.load(BeanDefinitionLoader.java:127) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.load(SpringApplication.java:687) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareContext(SpringApplication.java:385) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:311) at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:120) at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99) at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:117) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:108) at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:190) at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:132) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:246) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190) at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)

依赖spring-core包：

org.springframework spring-core 5.2.0.RELEASE

如下是一个testcase示例。其中

@RunWith是JUnit的一个运行器。@RunWith(JUnit4.class)就是指用JUnit4来运行；@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class),让测试运行于Spring测试环境

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)@SpringBootTestpublic class CarSignatureServiceTest { @Reference(url = "dubbo://localhost:20880") private CarSignatureService carSignatureService; @Test public void getSignedCarList(){ List list = carSignatureService.getSignedCarList(new ServiceOrderVO()); System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(list)); }}

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