SpringBoot启动遇到的异常问题及解决方案

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SpringBoot启动遇到的异常问题及解决方案

SpringBoot启动遇到的异常问题及解决方案

目录SpringBoot启动遇到异常1、问题2、异常3、异常4、异常5、异常6、异常7、异常SpringBoot优雅的处理异常使用异常创建统一异常类测试

SpringBoot启动遇到异常

1、 问题

SpringBoot本身需要引入自身的一个parent,但是pom里面一般都已经存在了一个parent,这时就不能在引入springBoot的parent

解决方案:

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-web

1.3.3.RELEASE

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-dependencies

1.5.6.RELEASE

pom

import

2、异常

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Cannot instantiate interface org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener : org.springframework.boot.logging.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener。。。。。。Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/event/GenericApplicationListener

解决方案:

这个问题可能是由于Spring的版本低导致,升级spring版本。亲测到4.2.5.RELEASE可以

4.2.5.RELEASE

3、异常

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: LoggerFactory is not a Logback LoggerContext but Logback is on the classpath. Either remove Logback or the competing implementation (class org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory loaded from file:/D:/maven/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.5/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar). If you are using WebLogic you will need to add 'org.slf4j' to prefer-application-packages in WEB-INF/weblogic.xml Object of class [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory] must be an instance of class ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContextat org.springframework.util.Assert.isInstanceOf(Assert.java:346)at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.getLoggerContext(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:221)

解决方案:

这个异常是由于打印日志的jar冲突导致,SpringBoot本身有打印日志的功能,如果跟本地的冲突,就需要去掉,如下

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-web

1.3.3.RELEASE

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-logging

4、异常

Cannot instantiate factory class: org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportFilter

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalAccessException: Class org.springframework.core.io.support.SpringFactoriesLoader can not access a member of class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnClassCondition with modifiers ""

解决方案:

这种可以检查org.springframework.boot的版本,可能是版本不兼容,我这里一开始设置的1.5.6.RELEASE,一直出异常,后来SpringBoot的版本改成全部改成1.3.3.RELEASE  把Spring的版本改成4.2.5.RELEASE,通过

5、 异常

SpringBoot启动

xport.annotation.AnnotationMBeanExporter -Unregistering JMX-exposed beans on shutdown ,tomcat也没有运行

可能原因1:

看看是否屏蔽了,检查 spring-boot-starter-web 这个下面是否屏蔽了spring-boot-starter-tomcat,

如果有,请去掉

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-tomcat

可能原因2:

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-tomcat

provided

provided注释掉

6、异常

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/beans/factory/ObjectProviderCaused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider

解决方案:

这个异常最蛋疼,搞了半天是SpringBoot的版本不兼容,切换了一个版本到1.3.3.RELEASE 这里就好了

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-web

1.3.3.RELEASE

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-logging

建议把org.springframework.boot这下下面的版本都改成1.3.3.RELEASE

7、异常

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.springframework.expression.spel.SpelParserConfiguration.(Lorg/springframework/expression/spel/SpelCompilerMode;Ljava/lang/ClassLoader

解决方案:

缺少jar

org.springframework

spring-expression

4.2.5.RELEASE

SpringBoot优雅的处理异常

SpringBoot 统一异常处理

像这种统一异常的文章博客有许多,但是每个人使用都有自己的心得,我来总结一下自己使用的心得

统一异常,顾名思义,就是统一管理项目中会方法的异常,然后进行一个处理,Spring发生错误后,底层会去请求一个/error的地址,抛出对应的异常到页面上,对客户或者开发来说都不是特别的友好

使用统一异常处理的话,可以返回自定义的异常数据,阅读性提高,优雅的处理异常

使用异常

使用异常的方式很简单,Spring提供了两个注解:@ControllerAdvice和@ExceptionHandler

@ControllerAdvice:控制器增强,使@ExceptionHandler、@InitBinder、@ModelAttribute注解的方法应用到所有的 @RequestMapping注解的方法@ExceptionHandler:异常处理器,此注解的作用是当出现其定义的异常时进行处理的方法

创建统一异常类

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.TypeMismatchException;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.AbstractErrorController;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorAttributes;

import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;

import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartException;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.NoHandlerFoundException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.util.Map;

/**

* 全局异常处理

* 一般情况下,方法都有异常处理机制,但不能排除有个别异常没有处理,导致返回到前台,因此在这里做一个异常拦截,统一处理那些未被处理过的异常

*

* @author ${author} on ${date}

*/

@ControllerAdvice

@Controller

@RequestMapping

public class GlobalExceptionHandler extends AbstractErrorController {

private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);

public GlobalExceptionHandler(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {

super(errorAttributes);

}

@Value("${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")

private static String errorPath = "/error";

/**

* sql异常

*

* @param req

* @param rsp

* @param ex

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

@ResponseBody

@ExceptionHandler(SQLException.class)

public Result sqlException(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rsp, Exception ex) {

LOGGER.error("!!! request uri:{} from {} server exception:{}", req.getRequestURI(), RequestUtil.getIpAddress(req), ex == null ? null : ex);

return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(1002, ex == null ? null : ex.getMessage(), null);

}

/**

* 500错误.

*

* @param req

* @param rsp

* @param ex

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

@ResponseBody

@ResponseStatus(code = HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)

@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)

public Result serverError(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rsp, Exception ex) throws Exception {

LOGGER.error("!!! request uri:{} from {} server exception:{}", req.getRequestURI(), RequestUtil.getIpAddress(req), ex == null ? null : ex);

return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(1002, ex == null ? null : ex.getMessage(), null);

}

/**

* 404的拦截.

*

* @param request

* @param response

* @param ex

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

@ResponseBody

@ResponseStatus(code = HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)

@ExceptionHandler(NoHandlerFoundException.class)

public Result notFound(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Exception ex) throws Exception {

LOGGER.error("!!! request uri:{} from {} not found exception:{}", request.getRequestURI(), RequestUtil.getIpAddress(request), ex);

return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(404, ex == null ? null : ex.getMessage(), null);

}

@ExceptionHandler(MissingServletRequestParameterException.class)

@ResponseBody

public Result paramException(MissingServletRequestParameterException ex) {

LOGGER.error("缺少请求参数:{}", ex.getMessage());

return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(99999, "缺少参数:" + ex.getParameterName(), null);

}

//参数类型不匹配

//getPropertyName()获取数据类型不匹配参数名称

//getRequiredType()实际要求客户端传递的数据类型

@ExceptionHandler(TypeMismatchException.class)

@ResponseBody

public Result requestTypeMismatch(TypeMismatchException ex) {

LOGGER.error("参数类型有误:{}", ex.getMessage());

return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(99999, "参数类型不匹配,参数" + ex.getPropertyName() + "类型应该为" + ex.getRequiredType(), null);

}

@ExceptionHandler(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class)

@ResponseBody

public Result requestMethod(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException ex) {

LOGGER.error("请求方式有误:{}", ex.getMethod());

return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(99999, "请求方式有误:" + ex.getMethod(), null);

}

@ExceptionHandler(MultipartException.class)

@ResponseBody

public Result fileSizeLimit(MultipartException m) {

LOGGER.error("超过文Ghrdf件上传大小限制");

return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(99999, "超过文件大小限制,最大10MB", null);

}

/**

* 重写/error请求, ${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}} IDEA报红无需处理,作用是获取spring底层错误拦截

*

* @param request

* @param response

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

@ResponseBody

@RequestMapping(value = "${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")

public Result handleErrors(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);

if (status == HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND) {

throw new NoHandlerFoundException(request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString(), new HttpHeaders());

}

Map body = getErrorAttributes(request, true);

return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(Integer.parseInt(body.get("status").toString()), body.get("message").toString(), null);

}

@Override

public String getErrorPath() {

return errorPath;

}

}

从上面可以看出来,我定义了sql异常,500异常,404异常该做的事情,通过@ExceptionHandler注解来拦截程序中的异常,比如执行SQL时,抛出了异常,就会被统一异常给拦截,然后返回我们想要返回的数据

@ResponseStatus注解可加可不加,就是对响应码进行拦截,如代码上,对404响应码进行了拦截

最下面的handleErrors方法,是对Spring底层访问/error的时候进行了一次拦截,获取当前请求码,如果是404.抛出404的异常

优化处理异常怎么能没有自定义返回数据呢

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;

/**

* 返回数据结果集合

*/

public class Result {

private Integer code;

private String resMsg;

private T data;

public Result() {

}

public Integer getCode() {

return this.code;

}

public void setCode(Integer resCode) {

this.code = resCode;

}

public String getResMsg() {

return this.resMsg;

}

public void setResMsg(String resMsg) {

this.resMsg = resMsg;

}

public T getData() {

return this.data;

}

public void setData(T data) {

this.data = data;

}

public String toJson() {

return this.data == null ? JSON.toJSONString(this) : this.toJson(SerializerFeature.WriteNullListAsEmpty, SerializerFeature.WriteNullStringAsEmpty, SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue);

}

public String toJson(SerializerFeature... features) {

return features == null ? this.toJson() : JSON.toJSONString(this, features);

}

public String toString() {

return "Result{code=" + this.code + ", resMsg='" + this.resMsg + '\'' + ", data=" + this.data + '}';

}

}

/**

* 返回数据结果集合

* @author RuXuanWo on 2019/02/21

*/

public class ResponseMsgUtil {

public ResponseMsgUtil() {

}

public static Result builderResponse(int code, String msg, T data) {

Result res = new Result();

res.setCode(code);

res.setResMsg(msg);

res.setData(data);

return res;

}

public static Result success(String msg) {

return builderResponse(0, msg, null);

}

public static Result success(String msg, T data) {

return builderResponse(0, msg, data);

}

public static Result success(T data) {

return builderResponse(0, "Success", data);

}

public static Result success() {

return builderResponse(0, "Success", null);

}

public static Result failure() {

return builderResponse(1, "Failure", null);

}

public static Result failure(String msg) {

return builderResponse(1, msg, null);

}

public static Result failure(T date) {

return builderResponse(-1, "Failure", date);

}

public static Result illegalRequest() {

return builderResponse(1008, "Illegal request", (T) null);

}

public static Result exception() {

return builderResponse(1002, "request exception", (T) null);

}

public static Result paramsEmpty() {

return builderResponse(1009, "the input parameter is null", (T) null);

}

}

测试

将这些准备都做好以后,项目跑起来,访问一个接口,故意不传某个必填项,就会被统一异常拦截,如下

{

code: 1002,

data: null,

msg: "Required String parameter 'id' is not present"

}

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