密码系统AES私钥RSA公钥的加解密示例

密码系统AES私钥RSA公钥的加解密示例

目录前言百科的诠释java使用公私钥加解密的实例

前言

密钥是成对存在的，加密和解密是采用不同的密钥（公开密钥），也就是非对称密钥密码系统，每个通信方均需要两个密钥，即公钥和私钥，使用公钥进行加密操作，使用私钥进行解密操作。公钥是公开的，不需要保密，而私钥是由个人自己持有，并且必须妥善保管和注意保密。密码学里面博大精深，下面的实例仅供参考

百科的诠释

公钥（Public Key）与私钥（Private Key）是通过一种算法得到的一个密钥对（即一个公钥和一个私钥），公钥是密钥对中公开的部分，私钥则是非公开的部分。公钥通常用于加密会话密钥、验证数字签名，或加密可以用相应的私钥解密的数据。通过这种算法得到的密钥对能保证在世界范围内是唯一的。使用这个密钥对的时候，如果用其中一个密钥加密一段数据，必须用另一个密钥解密。比如用公钥加密数据就必须用私钥解密，如果用私钥加密也必须用公钥解密，否则解密将不会成功。

jaeJwLwiva使用公私钥加解密的实例

仅供参考

/**

* 数据加密 plainTextData要加密的字符串

* @param plainTextData

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static Map encrypt(String plainTextData)

throws Exception {

HashMap result = new HashMap();

// keySpec 生成对称密钥

KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");

keyGenerator.init(128);

SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();

SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getEncoded(), "AES");

// RSA 用对方公钥对‘对称密钥'进行加密

Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");

String keyFilePathName = pertery.getProperty("bsbank_Key_path")+"PublicKey.keystore";

cipher.init(Cipher.WRAP_MODE,

loadPublicKeyByStr(loadKeyByFile(keyFilePathName)));

byte[] wrappedKey = cipher.wrap(keySpec);

result.put("wrappedKey", Base64.encodeBase64String(wrappedKey));

// 加密数据

cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");

cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keySpec);

byte[] encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(plainTextData.getBytes("UTF-8"));

result.put("encryptedData", Base64.encodeBase64String(encryptedData));

return result;

}

/**

* 数据解密 encryptedData

* @param encryptedData

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static Map decrypt(Map encryptedData)

throws Exception {

// 获取密钥

byte[] wrappedKey = Base64.decodeBase64(encryptedData.get("wrappedKey")

.toString());

HashMap result = new HashMap();

// RSA解密密钥

Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");

String keyFilePathName = pertery.getProperty("bsbank_Key_path")+"privateKey.keystore";//使用对方的私钥解密

cipher.init(Cipher.UNWRAP_MODE,

loadPrivateKeyByStr(loadKeyByFile(keyFilePathName)));

Key key = cipher.unwrap(wrappedKey, "AES", Cipher.SECRET_KEY);

// 解密数据

cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");

cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);

byte[] decryptedData = cipher.doFinal(Base64.decodeBase64(encryptedData

.get("encryptedData").toString()));

result.put("decryptedData", new String(decryptedData, "UTF-8"));

result.put("wrappedKey", Base64.encodeBase64String(wrappedKey));

return result;

}

private static String loadKeyByFile(String filePathName) throws Exception {

BufferedReader br = null;

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

try {

br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filePathName));

String readLine = null;

while ((readLine = br.readLine()) != null) {

sb.append(readLine);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

throw e;

} finally {

if (null != br) {

br.close();

}

}

return sb.toString();

}

private static RSAPublicKey loadPublicKeyByStr(String publicKeyStr)

throws Exception {

RSAPublicKey publicKey = null;

try {

byte[] buffer = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKeyStr);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);

publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);

} catch (Exception e) {

logger.error("failed to load pubKey", e);

throw e;

}

return publicKey;

}

private static RSAPrivateKey loadPrivateKeyByStr(String privateKeyStr)

throws Exception {

RSAPrivateKey privateKey = null;

try {

byte[] buffer = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKeyStr);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);

privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);

} catch (Exception e) {

logger.error("failed to loadPrivateKeyByStr", e);

throw e;

}

return privateKey;

}

/**

* 输出公私钥对

* @param filePath

* @throws Exception

*/

private static void genKeyPair(String filePath) throws Exception {

KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = null;

try {

keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

logger.error("failed to do key gen", e);

throw e;

}

keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());

KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();

RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();

RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();

try {

String publicKeyString = Base64.encodeBase64String(publicKey

.getEncoded());

String privateKeyString = Base64.encodeBase64String(privateKey

eJwLwi .getEncoded());

FileWriter pubfw = new FileWriter(filePath + "/PublicKey.keystore");

FileWriter prifw = new FileWriter(filePath + "/PrivateKey.keystore");

BufferedWriter pubbw = new BufferedWriter(pubfw);

BufferedWriter pribw = new BufferedWriter(prifw);

pubbw.write(publicKeyString);

pribw.write(privateKeyString);

pubbw.flush();

pubbw.close();

pubfw.close();

pribw.flush();

pribw.close();

prifw.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

logger.error("failed to genKeypair", e);

}

}

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