Qt5.7.0配置选项（configure options）

网友投稿 886 2022-09-28

Qt5.7.0配置选项（configure options）

Qt5.7.0配置选项（configure options）

configure是一个命令行工具，用于配置Qt编译到指定平台。configure必须运行于Qt源码根目录。当运行configure时，编译源码使用的是所选工具链中的make工具。

一.源码目录、编译目录和安装目录

源码目录就是包含源码的目录。编译目录是包含Makefiles文件、object文件和其他中间文件的目录。安装目录是二进制文件和库文件安装的目录。

当编译目录和源码目录不一样时，称为影子编译（shadow build），比如说，Qt Creator默认是使用影子编译来编译工程的。这里也可以使用影子编译，方法就是新建一个目录，然后cd到该目录中运行configure，如下所示。

mkdir ~/qt-buildcd ~/qt-build~/qt-source/configure

此时，configure时生成的Makefiles文件，以及编译时生成的中间文件都会拷贝到qt-build目录。不仅如此，通过影子编译，可以同时进行多个不同配置选项的编译过程，互不影响。

默认的安装目录和平台相关，但是在configure时，可以通过-prefix选项指定安装目录，比如./configure -prefix /opt/Qt-5.7。这样一来，在执行make install指令时，编译完成的bin、lib或者其他子目录就会拷贝到/opt/Qt-5.7目录中。

二.包含和排除Qt模块

通过configure，可以包含或排除指定的Qt模块。需要注意的是，许多模块依赖于其他的模块，不恰当的配置选项会导致依赖问题。

1.排除Qt模块

使用configure的-skip选项可以排除Qt模块，一般情况下模块名就是源码目录中对应的子目录名。有些子目录会包含多个模块，比如说qtconnectivity目录就包含了Qt NFC模块和Qt Bluetooth模块，排除这两个模块需要将-skip qtconnectivity作为配置参数，如下所示。

./configure -skip qtconnectivity

2.包含或排除特性

-feature- 和 -no-feature-选项用于包含和排除特性。可用的都被罗列在tbase/src/corelib/global/qfeatures.txt文件中。比如，要禁用accessibility特性，可用使用-no-feature-accessibility选项，如下所示。

./configure -no-feature-accessibility

三.第三方库

Qt源码中包含了一些第三方库，如果想使用Qt自带的第三方库，可用通过-qt配置；如果想使用系统中的第三方库，可用通过-system配置。下表中列出一些第三方库及其配置选项。

Library Name

Bundled in Qt

Installed in System

zlib

​​-qt-zlib​​

​​-system-zlib​​

libjpeg

​​-qt-libjpeg​​

​​-system-libjpeg​​

libpng

​​-qt-libpng​​

​​-system-libpng​​

xcb

​​-qt-xcb​​

​​-system-xcb​​

xkbcommon

​​-qt-xkbcommon​​

​​-system-xkbcommon​​

freetype

​​-qt-freetype​​

​​-system-freetype​​

PCRE

​​-qt-pcre​​

​​-system-pcre​​

HarfBuzz-NG

​​-qt-harfbuzz​​

​​-system-harfbuzz​​

当然，也可以禁用这些第三方库，用-no替换-qt就行，如下所示。

./configure -no-zlib -qt-libjpeg -qt-libpng -system-xcb

四.编译选项

-platform选项指定了目标平台和编译时使用的编译器，Qt支持的平台和编译器都在qtbase/mkspecs目录中。比如，在Ubuntu Linux系统中，Qt能被多种编译器编译，比如clang和g++，如下所示。

./configure -platform linux-clang./configure -platform linux-g++./configure -platform linux-g++-32

对于Windows系统，可以用MinGW或者Visual Studio工具链，如下所示。

configure.bat -platform win32-g++configure.bat -platform win32-msvc2010

五.交叉编译选项

通用的选项如下所示。

-xplatform：指定目标平台，可用的xplatform与platform类似，也在qtbase/mkspecs目录中。

-device：指定特殊的设备或芯片，configure兼容的device在qtbase/mkspecs/devices目录中。

-device-option：设置额外的qmake参数，比如，-device-option CROSS_COMPILE=提供了特定设备交叉编译所需的环境变量。六.Windows中使用OpenGL选项

在Windows中，Qt可以配置使用系统的OpenGL或者自带的ANGLE。默认情况下，Qt会配置使用ANGLE，ANGLE依赖于DirectX SDK。ANGLE使得依赖于OpenGL的Qt应用程序可以在没有安装OpenGL的机器上运行。

-opengl选项可以配置Qt使用目标机器上的OpenGL，如下所示。

configure.bat -opengl desktop

desktop选项告知Qt使用Windows上的OpenGL，当然前提是要求Windows上的OpenGL与Qt兼容。

-opengl选项支持两个版本的OpenGL ES，一个是es2，一个是es1，如下所示。

configure.bat -opengl es2

七.configure -h

configure -h与configure -help功能相同，显示所有配置选项。以下是Windows上Qt5.7.0的配置选项。

Installation options:These are optional, but you may specify install directories.     -prefix

...... The deployment directory, as seen on the target device.(default %CD%)                          -extprefix ... The installation directory, as seen on the host machine.(default SYSroot/PREFIX)   -hostprefix [dir] .. The installation directory for build tools running onthe host machine. If [dir] is not  given,                                  the current builddirectory will be used. (default EXTPREFIX)  You may use these to change the layout of the install. Note that all directories except -sysconfdir should be located under -prefix/-hostprefix:     -bindir ...... User executables will be installed to .(default PREFIX/bin)                          -libdir ...... Libraries will be installed to .(default PREFIX/lib)                           -headerdir ... Headers will be installed to . (default PREFIX/include)                         -archdatadir . Architecture-dependent data used by Qt will be installed to .(default PREFIX)     -libexecdir .. Program executables will be installed to .(default ARCHDATADIR/bin)     -plugindir ... Plugins will be installed to .(default ARCHDATADIR/plugins)                           -importdir ... Imports for QML1 will be installed to .(default ARCHDATADIR/imports)     -qmldir ...... Imports for QML2 will be installed to .(default ARCHDATADIR/qml)     -datadir ..... Data used by Qt programs will be installed to .(default PREFIX)     -docdir ...... Documentation will be installed to .(default DATADIR/doc)     -translationdir Translations of Qt programs will be installed to .(default DATADIR/translations)     -examplesdir . Examples will be installed to .(default PREFIX/examples)     -testsdir .... Tests will be installed to .(default PREFIX/tests)     -hostbindir .. Host executables will be installed to .(default HOSTPREFIX/bin)     -hostlibdir .. Host libraries will be installed to .(default HOSTPREFIX/lib)     -hostdatadir . Data used by qmake will be installed to .(default HOSTPREFIX)    Configure options:The defaults (*) are usually acceptable. A plus (+) denotes a default value that needs to be evaluated. If the evaluation succeeds, the feature is included. Here is a short explanation of each option:     -release ........... Compile and link Qt with debugging turned off.  *  -debug ............. Compile and link Qt with debugging turned on.  +  -debug-and-release . Compile and link two Qt libraries, with and without debugging turned on.     -force-debug-info .. Create symbol files for release builds.     -separate-debug-info Strip debug information into a separate file.     -developer-build ... Compile and link Qt with Qt developer options(including auto-tests exporting)                        -optimized-tools ... Build optimized host tools even in debug build.  *  -no-optimized-tools Do not build optimized host tools even in debug build.     -opensource ........ Compile and link the Open-Source Edition of Qt.     -commercial ........ Compile and link the Commercial Edition of Qt.     -c++std .. Compile Qt with C++ standard edition (c++11, c++14, c++1z)Default: highest supported.                                      This  option is notsupported for MSVC.                                       -use-gold-linker ... Link using the GNU gold linker (gcc only).  *  -no-use-gold-linker Do not link using the GNU gold linker.     -enable-new-dtags .. Use new DTAGS for RPATH (Linux only).  *  -disable-new-dtags . Do not use new DTAGS for RPATH.  *  -shared ............ Create and use shared Qt libraries.     -static ............ Create and use static Qt libraries.  *  -static-runtime .... Statically link the C/C++ runtime library.     -ltcg .............. Use Link Time Code Generation. (Release builds only)  *  -no-ltcg ........... Do not use Link Time Code Generation.     -make ....... Add part to the list of parts to be built at make time,list containslibs,tools,examples                    -nomake ..... Exclude part from the list of parts to be built.     -skip ..... Exclude an entire module from the build.     -no-compile-examples Install only the sources of examples.     -no-widgets ........ Disable Qt Widgets module.     -no-gui ............ Disable Qt GUI module.     -no-accessibility .. Disable accessibility support.Disabling accessibility is not recommended, as it willbreak                                    QStyle and may break other internal parts of Qt.With this switch you create a source                                    incompatibleversion of Qt,which is unsupported.          *  -accessibility ..... Enable accessibility support.     -no-sql- ... Disable SQL entirely, by default none are turned on.               -qt-sql- ... Enable a SQL in the Qt Library.     -plugin-sql- Enable SQL as a plugin to be linked to at run time.Available values for :                                      mysql                                     psql                                     oci                                     odbc                                     tds                                     db2  +                                 sqlite                                     sqlite2                                     ibase                                     (drivers marked with a '+' have been detected asavailable on this system)                           -system-sqlite ..... Use sqlite from the operating system.     -no-opengl ......... Do not support OpenGL.     -opengl ...... Enable OpenGL support with specified API version.Available values for :                                   desktop - Enable support for Desktop OpenGL                                   dynamic - Enable support for dynamically loadedOpenGL (either desktop or ES)  *                               es2 - Enable support for OpenGL ES 2.0  *  -no-openvg ......... Disables OpenVG functionality.     -openvg ............ Enables OpenVG functionality.     -force-asserts ..... Activate asserts in release mode.     -platform ... The operating system and compiler you are building on.(default %QMAKESPEC%)                     -xplatform .. The operating system and compiler you are cross compiling to.See the README file for a                                       list of supported operatingsystems and compilers.     -target ............ Set target OS version. Currently the only valid value is 'xp' for targeting Windows XP.MSVC >=2012                              targets Windows Vista by default.                       -sysroot ..... Sets as the target compiler's and qmake's sysroot and also sets pkg-config paths.             -no-gcc-sysroot .... When using -sysroot, it disables the passing of --sysroot to the compiler.     -qconfig ... Use src/corelib/global/qconfig-.h rather than the default 'full'.                      *  -no-nis ............ Do not compile NIS support.     -nis ............... Compile NIS support.     -no-iconv .......... Do not enable support for iconv(3).  +  -iconv ............. Enable support for iconv(3).  +  -sun-iconv ......... Enable support for iconv(3) using sun-iconv.  +  -gnu-iconv ......... Enable support for iconv(3) using gnu-libiconv.     -no-evdev .......... Do not enable support for evdev.  +  -evdev ............. Enable support for evdev.     -no-mtdev .......... Do not enable support for mtdev.  +  -mtdev ............. Enable support for mtdev.  +  -inotify ........... Explicitly enable Qt inotify(7) support.     -no-inotify ........ Explicitly disable Qt inotify(7) support.  +  -eventfd ........... Enable eventfd(7) support in the UNIX event loop.     -no-eventfd ........ Disable eventfd(7) support in the UNIX event loop.  *  -largefile ......... Enables Qt to access files larger than 4 GB.     -posix-ipc ......... Enable POSIX IPC.     -glib .............. Compile Glib support.     -sysconfdir .. Settings used by Qt programs will be looked for in .                  -system-proxies .... Use system network proxies by default.  *  -no-system-proxies . Do not use system network proxies by default.  +  -warnings-are-errors Make warnings be treated as errors.     -no-warnings-are-errors Make warnings be treated normally.     -qtnamespace Wraps all Qt library code in 'namespace name {...}'.     -qtlibinfix Renames all Qt* libs to Qt*.     -D ........ Add an explicit define to the preprocessor.     -I ... Add an explicit include path.     -L ... Add an explicit library path.     -l ... Add an explicit library name, residing in a librarypath.                     -no-pch ............ Do not use precompiled header support.  *  -pch ............... Use precopmiled header support.     -help, -h, -? ...... Display this information.

Third Party Libraries:     -qt-zlib ........... Use the zlib bundled with Qt.  +  -system-zlib ....... Use zlib from the operating system.See     -qt-pcre ........... Use the PCRE library bundled with Qt.  +  -system-pcre ....... Use the PCRE library from the operating system.See     -icu ............... Use the ICU library.  *  -no-icu ............ Do not use the ICU library.See     -no-gif ............ Do not compile GIF reading support.     -no-libpng ......... Do not compile PNG support.     -qt-libpng ......... Use the libpng bundled with Qt.  +  -system-libpng ..... Use libpng from the operating system.See     -no-libjpeg ........ Do not compile JPEG support.     -qt-libjpeg ........ Use the libjpeg bundled with Qt.  +  -system-libjpeg .... Use libjpeg from the operating system.See     -no-doubleconversion Use sscanf_l and snprintf_l for (imprecise) double con version.     -qt-doubleconversion Use the libdouble-conversion bundled with Qt.     -system-doubleconversion Use the libdouble-conversion provided by the system.     -no-freetype ....... Do not compile in Freetype2 support.  *  -qt-freetype ....... Use the libfreetype bundled with Qt.     -system-freetype ... Use the libfreetype provided by the system.     -fontconfig ........ Build with FontConfig support.  *  -no-fontconfig ..... Do not build with FontConfig support.     -no-harfbuzz ....... Do not compile in HarfBuzz-NG support.  *  -qt-harfbuzz ....... Use HarfBuzz-NG bundled with Qt to do text shaping.It can still be disabled by settingthe                                   QT_HARFBUZZ environment variable to "old".            -system-harfbuzz ... Use HarfBuzz-NG from the operating system to do text shaping. It can still be disabled by                                       setting the QT_HARFBUZZ environment variable to"old".See  +  -angle ............. Use the ANGLE implementation of OpenGL ES 2.0.     -no-angle .......... Do not use ANGLE.See                          Qt for Windows only:     -no-incredibuild-xge Do not add IncrediBuild XGE distribution commands to custom build steps.             +  -incredibuild-xge .. Add IncrediBuild XGE distribution commands to custom build steps. This will distribute MOC                                    and UIC steps,and other custom buildsteps which are added to theINCREDIBUILD_XGE                                variable.(The IncrediBuild distribution commands are only addedto Visual Studio projects)  *  -no-plugin-manifests Do not embed manifests in plugins.     -plugin-manifests .. Embed manifests in plugins.     -no-qmake .......... Do not compile qmake.  *  -qmake ............. Compile qmake.     -qreal [double|float] typedef qreal to the specified type. The default is double.Note that changing this flag affects binary compatibility.     -no-rtti ........... Do not compile runtime type information.  *  -rtti .............. Compile runtime type information.     -no-strip .......... Do not strip libraries and executables of debug info when installing.  *  -strip ............. Strip libraries and executables of debug info when installing.     -no-sse2 ........... Do not compile with use of SSE2 instructions.  +  -sse2 .............. Compile with use of SSE2 instructions.     -no-sse3 ........... Do not compile with use of SSE3 instructions.  +  -sse3 .............. Compile with use of SSE3 instructions.     -no-ssse3 .......... Do not compile with use of SSSE3 instructions.  +  -ssse3 ............. Compile with use of SSSE3 instructions.     -no-sse4.1 ......... Do not compile with use of SSE4.1 instructions.  +  -sse4.1 ............ Compile with use of SSE4.1 instructions.     -no-sse4.2 ......... Do not compile with use of SSE4.2 instructions.  +  -sse4.2 ............ Compile with use of SSE4.2 instructions.     -no-avx ............ Do not compile with use of AVX instructions.  +  -avx ............... Compile with use of AVX instructions.     -no-avx2 ........... Do not compile with use of AVX2 instructions.  +  -avx2 .............. Compile with use of AVX2 instructions.     -no-avx512 ......... Do not compile with use of AVX512 instructions.  +  -avx512 ............ Compile with use of AVX512 instructions.     -no-ssl ............ Do not compile support for SSL.  +  -ssl ............... Enable run-time SSL support.     -no-openssl ........ Do not compile support for OpenSSL.  +  -openssl ........... Enable run-time OpenSSL support.     -openssl-linked .... Enable linked OpenSSL support.     -no-libproxy ....... Do not compile in libproxy support.  +  -libproxy .......... Compile in libproxy support (for cross compilation targets).     -no-dbus ........... Do not compile in D-Bus support.     -dbus-linked ....... Compile in D-Bus support and link to libdbus-1.     -dbus-runtime ...... Compile in D-Bus support and load libdbus-1 dynamically.     -no-audio-backend .. Do not compile in the platform audio backend into Qt Multimedia.  +  -audio-backend ..... Compile in the platform audio backend into Qt Qt Multimedia.  *  -no-wmf-backend .... Do not compile in the windows media foundation backend into Qt Multimedia.     -wmf-backend ....... Compile in the windows media foundation backend into Qt Multimedia.     -no-qml-debug ...... Do not build the in-process QML debugging support.  *  -qml-debug ......... Build the in-process QML debugging support.     -no-directwrite .... Do not build support for DirectWrite font rendering.  +  -directwrite ....... Build support for DirectWrite font rendering.  *  -no-direct2d ....... Do not build the Direct2D platform plugin.     -direct2d .......... Build the Direct2D platform plugin (experimental,requires Direct2D availability on target systems,                               e.g. Windows 7 with Platform Update, Windows 8, etc.)     -no-style-