小型机IBM P550 AIX 更换硬盘步骤 操作LVM及文件系统

小型机IBM P550 AIX 更换硬盘步骤 操作LVM及文件系统

1、列出系统上所有硬盘# lspvhdisk0          00f6ee8a7017d102                   rootvg          active2、插入2块新硬盘，再次查看lspv 查看设备上所有的硬盘，显示是否有ID，属于哪个VG，是否激活# lspvhdisk0          00f6ee8a7017d102                    rootvg          activehdisk1          None                                Nonehdisk2          None                                None3、新硬盘换上去是none，需要启用此硬盘（分配ID），且加入卷组（加入卷组才能被文件系统使用）# chdev -l hdisk1 -a pv=yeshdisk1 changed# lspvhdisk0          00f6ee8a7017d102                    rootvg          activehdisk1          00f6ee8a7374ce47                    None           hdisk2          00cc10bdfb23ea2a            None 4、创建VG，把硬盘加入到VG# smit vg                                                      Volume GroupsMove cursor to desired item and press Enter.  List All Volume Groups  Add a Volume Group  Set Characteristics of a Volume Group  List Contents of a Volume Group  Remove a Volume Group  Activate a Volume Group  Deactivate a Volume Group  Import a Volume Group  Export a Volume Group  Mirror a Volume Group  Unmirror a Volume Group  Synchronize LVM Mirrors  Back Up a Volume Group  Remake a Volume Group  Preview Information about a Backup  Verify the Readability of a Backup (Tape only)  View the Backup Log  List Files in a Volume Group Backup  Restore Files in a Volume Group Backup                                 F1=Help                       F2=Refresh                     F3=Cancel                     Esc+8=ImageEsc+9=Shell                   Esc+0=Exit                     Enter=Do                                                     Add a Volume GroupMove cursor to desired item and press Enter.  Add an Original Volume Group  Add a Big Volume Group  Add a Scalable Volume Group# smit vg                                               Add an Original Volume GroupType or select values in entry fields.Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.                                                          [Entry Fields]  VOLUME GROUP name                                  []  Physical partition SIZE in megabytes                                                                                 +* PHYSICAL VOLUME names                              []                                                                +  Force the creation of a volume group?               no                                                               +  Activate volume group AUTOMATICALLY                 yes                                                              +    at system restart?  Volume Group MAJOR NUMBER                          []                                                                +#  Create VG Concurrent Capable?                       no第一行填写VG名称第二行填写VG的PP大小，未填写则使用默认值第三回选择（esc+4）使用哪个pv来创建VG创建完成查看VG# lsvgrootvgtestvg5、有了VG，可以创建LV、创建fs、挂载fs# smit lv                                                   Add a Logical VolumeType or select a value for the entry field.Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.                                                          [Entry Fields]* VOLUME GROUP name                                  [testvg] 选择要创建lv的vg，开始创建                                                   Add a Logical VolumeType or select values in entry fields.Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.  [TOP]                                                   [Entry Fields]  Logical volume NAME                                []* VOLUME GROUP name                                   testvg* Number of LOGICAL PARTITIONS                       []                                                                 #  PHYSICAL VOLUME names                              []                                                                +  Logical volume TYPE                                []                                                                +  POSITION on physical volume                         middle                                                           +  RANGE of physical volumes                           minimum                                                          +  MAXIMUM NUMBER of PHYSICAL VOLUMES                 []                                                                 #    to use for allocation  Number of COPIES of each logical                    1                                                                +    partition  Mirror Write Consistency?                           active                                                           +  Allocate each logical partition copy                yes                                                              +    on a SEPARATE physical volume?  RELOCATE the logical volume during                  yes                                                              +    reorganization?  Logical volume LABEL                               []  MAXIMUM NUMBER of LOGICAL PARTITIONS               [512]                                                              #  Enable BAD BLOCK relocation?                        yes                                                              +  SCHEDULING POLICY for reading/writing               parallel                                                         +[MORE...5]输入lv的name可以使用的lp数量使用的pvlv type，文件系统类型   jfs2为日志文件系统创建完成即可创建文件系统，挂载文件系统                                                       File SystemsMove cursor to desired item and press Enter.  List All File Systems  List All Mounted File Systems  Add / Change / Show / Delete File Systems  Mount a File System  Mount a Group of File Systems  Unmount a File System  Unmount a Group of File Systems  Verify a File System  Backup a File System  Restore a File System  List Contents of a Backup  Create and back up a snapshot# smit fs                                          Add an Enhanced Journaled File SystemType or select values in entry fields.Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.                                                          [Entry Fields]  Volume group name                                   testvg  SIZE of file system          Unit Size                                   Megabytes                                                        +*         Number of units                            []                                                                 #* MOUNT POINT                                        []  Mount AUTOMATICALLY at system restart?              no                                                               +  PERMISSIONS                                         read/write                                                       +  Mount OPTIONS                                      []                                                                +  Block Size (bytes)                                  4096                                                             +  Logical Volume for Log                                                                                               +  Inline Log size (MBytes)                           []                                                                 #  Extended Attribute Format                           Version 1                                                        +  ENABLE Quota Management?  填写此文件系统使用多少个M选择挂载点完成后挂载此文件系统即可                                                   Mount a File SystemType or select values in entry fields.Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.                                                          [Entry Fields]  FILE SYSTEM name                                   []                                                                +  DIRECTORY over which to mount                      []                                                                +  TYPE of file system                                                                                                  +  FORCE the mount?                                    no                                                               +  REMOTE NODE containing the file system             []    to mount  Mount as a REMOVABLE file system?                   no                                                               +  Mount as a READ-ONLY system?                        no                                                               +  Disallow DEVICE access via this mount?              no                                                               +  Disallow execution of SUID and sgid programs        no                                                               +    in this file system?然后查看vg中的lv是否被创建（这里每个LP都对应有1个PV，说明此vg没有做镜像raid1.如果有镜像，则会显示每个LP（逻辑分区）对应两倍的PP（物理分区），也就是PP是LP的两倍）# lsvg -l testvgtestvg:LV NAME             TYPE       LPs   PPs   PVs  LV STATE      MOUNT POINTtestlv1             jfs        2     2     2    closed/syncd  N/Aloglv00             jfs2log    1     1     2    open/syncd    N/Afslv01              jfs2       16    16    2    open/syncd    /dir2# 再查看hdisk2里面是否存在lv和文件系统# lspv -l hdisk2hdisk2:LV NAME               LPs   PPs   DISTRIBUTION          MOUNT POINTloglv00               1     1     00..01..00..00..00    N/Afslv01                16    16    00..16..00..00..00    /dir2testlv1               2     2     00..02..00..00..00    N/A# # df -mFilesystem    MB blocks      Free %Used    Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4         128.00    116.51    9%     1610     6% //dev/hd2        1280.00    110.46   92%    27968    51% /usr/dev/hd9var      128.00    119.88    7%      348     2% /var/dev/hd3        1152.00   1148.43    1%       63     1% /tmp/dev/fwdump      384.00    319.45   17%        5     1% /var/adm/ras/platform/dev/hd1         128.00    127.61    1%       11     1% /home/proc                 -         -    -         -     -  /proc/dev/hd10opt     128.00     55.39   57%     2320    16% /opt/dev/fslv01     2048.00   2047.36    1%        5     1% /dir2# mount  node       mounted        mounted over    vfs       date        options      -------- ---------------  ---------------  ------ ------------ ---------------          /dev/hd4         /                jfs2   Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/hd2         /usr             jfs2   Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/hd9var      /var             jfs2   Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/hd3         /tmp             jfs2   Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/fwdump      /var/adm/ras/platform jfs2   Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/hd1         /home            jfs2   Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /proc            /proc            procfs Jan 01 22:40 rw                       /dev/hd10opt     /opt             jfs2   Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/fslv01      /dir2            jfs2   Jan 01 23:26 rw,log=/dev/loglv00# 文件系统是否存在且已经挂载# df -mFilesystem    MB blocks      Free %Used    Iused %Iused Mounted on/dev/hd4         128.00    116.51    9%     1610     6% //dev/hd2        1280.00    110.46   92%    27968    51% /usr/dev/hd9var      128.00    119.88    7%      348     2% /var/dev/hd3        1152.00   1148.43    1%       63     1% /tmp/dev/fwdump      384.00    319.45   17%        5     1% /var/adm/ras/platform/dev/hd1         128.00    127.61    1%       11     1% /home/proc                 -         -    -         -     -  /proc/dev/hd10opt     128.00     55.39   57%     2320    16% /opt/dev/fslv01     2048.00   2047.36    1%        5     1% /dir2# mount  node       mounted        mounted over    vfs       date        options      -------- ---------------  ---------------  ------ ------------ ---------------          /dev/hd4         /                jfs2   Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/hd2         /usr             jfs2   Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/hd9var      /var             jfs2   Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/hd3         /tmp             jfs2   Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/fwdump      /var/adm/ras/platform jfs2   Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/hd1         /home            jfs2   Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /proc            /proc            procfs Jan 01 22:40 rw                       /dev/hd10opt     /opt             jfs2   Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8          /dev/fslv01      /dir2            jfs2   Jan 01 23:26 rw,log=/dev/loglv00# /dev/fslv01就是我创建的大小为2G，挂载到/dir2目录下的文件系统6、创建lvm镜像，保护文件系统，相当于raid1把第三块盘hdisk2也加入到testvg，硬盘只有在同一个VG中才能相互做镜像extendvg testvg hdisk2查看下# lspvhdisk0          00cb5c8e000ce37c                    rootvg          activehdisk1          00cb5c8e0014cf4b                    testvg          activehdisk2          00cc10bdfb23ea2a                    testvg          active开始做镜像# smit mirrorvg                                                  Mirror a Volume GroupType or select a value for the entry field.Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.                                                        [Entry Fields]* VOLUME GROUP name                                  [testvg]                                                   Mirror a Volume GroupType or select values in entry fields.Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.                                                        [Entry Fields]* VOLUME GROUP name                                   testvg  Mirror sync mode                                   [Foreground]                                                      +  PHYSICAL VOLUME names                              []                                                                +  Number of COPIES of each logical                    2                                                                +    partition  Keep Quorum Checking On?                            no                                                               +  Create Exact LV Mapping?                            no                                                               +完成以后再次查看vg详情# lsvg -l testvgtestvg:LV NAME             TYPE       LPs   PPs   PVs  LV STATE      MOUNT POINTtestlv1             jfs        2     4     2    closed/syncd  N/Aloglv00             jfs2log    1     2     2    open/syncd    N/Afslv01              jfs2       16    32    2    open/syncd    /dir2# 现在每个LP已经对应了两个PP，说明testvg已经存在副本（copies），已经做了raid1镜像。这样，hdisk1或者hdisk2任意一个pv坏掉，都不影响数据访问。7、实验：假设hdisk1坏掉，hdisk，/dir2中的file是否还存在。如何更换新硬盘，重建raid1# lspvhdisk0          00cb5c8e000ce37c                    rootvg          activehdisk1          00cb5c8e0014cf4b                    testvg          activehdisk2          00cc10bdfb23ea2a                    testvg          active           # lsvg -p testvgtestvg:PV_NAME           PV STATE          TOTAL PPs   FREE PPs    FREE DISTRIBUTIONhdisk1            active            546         527         110..90..109..109..109hdisk2            active            546         527         110..90..109..109..109# 拔掉hdisk1# lspvhdisk0          00cb5c8e000ce37c                    rootvg          activehdisk1          00cb5c8e0014cf4b                    testvg          activehdisk2          00cc10bdfb23ea2a                    testvg          active           # lsvg -p testvgtestvg:PV_NAME           PV STATE          TOTAL PPs   FREE PPs    FREE DISTRIBUTIONhdisk1            active            546         527         110..90..109..109..109hdisk2            active            546         527         110..90..109..109..109# lvm中显示hdisk2还在。# cat /dir2/file2hi you # 文件系统正常（因为已经在hdisk3中做了备份）查看系统错误日志errpt# errptIDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP  T C RESOURCE_NAME  DESCRIPTION8647C4E2   0102004170 P H hdisk2         DISK OPERATION ERROR8647C4E2   0102004170 P H hdisk2         DISK OPERATION ERROR8647C4E2   0102004170 P H hdisk2         DISK OPERATION ERROR8647C4E2   0102004170 P H hdisk2         DISK OPERATION ERROR显示hdisk2不可操作重新扫描设备 # cfgmgr再查看testvg# lsvg -p testvg0516-034 : Failed to open VG special file. Probable causeis the VG was forced offline. Execute the varyoffvg and varyonvgcommands to bring the VG online.# vg已经掉线# lspvhdisk0          00cb5c8e000ce37c                    rootvg          activehdisk1          00cb5c8e0014cf4b                    datevg          activehdisk2          00cc10bdfb23ea2a                    testvg          hdisk3          00cc10bd0015b0e6                    testvg          hdisk4          00cc10bd001c1225                    None此时testvg下的文件系统已经只可读，不可写。直接拔掉硬盘导致vg挂掉。（这不是硬盘坏掉更换硬盘的步骤）正常步骤先去掉镜像，踢出vg再拔掉坏盘。现在插回hdisk2，也已经无法回复vg了。只有重启之后，VG才自带恢复正常。再次测试更换1块硬盘，hdisk2lspvlspv -l hdisk2lsvg -l testvglspv -p hdisk3rmlvcopy fslv01 1 hdisk2    去掉hdisk2中做了镜像的lv及fsrmlvcopy loglv00 1 hdisk2查看是否已经去掉# lslv -l fslv01fslv01:/dir2PV                COPIES        IN BAND       DISTRIBUTION  hdisk3            016:000:000   100%          000:016:000:000:000 fslv01已经不存在hdisk2里面了lspv -l hdisk2    lsvg -l testvg已经去掉了，可以把hdisk2踢出vgreducevg testvg hdisk2lsvg -l testvg# lspvhdisk0          00cb5c8e000ce37c                    rootvg          activehdisk1          00cb5c8e0014cf4b                    datevg          activehdisk2          00cc10bdfb23ea2a                    None            hdisk3          00cc10bd0015b0e6                    testvg          active          再然后，从系统中删除hdisk2的磁盘定义# rmdev -dl hdisk2                     hdisk2 deleted# lspvhdisk0          00cb5c8e000ce37c                    rootvg          activehdisk1          00cb5c8e0014cf4b                    datevg          activehdisk3          00cc10bd0015b0e6                    testvg          active           # lsdev -Cc diskhdisk0 Available 08-08-00-4,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drivehdisk1 Available 08-08-00-5,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drivehdisk3 Available 08-08-01-5,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drivehdisk4 Available 08-08-01-8,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive现在，hdisk2可以从设备中拔出来了。更换上新硬盘让系统扫描设备，发现新硬盘# cfgmgr -vlspvlsdev -Cc disk就可以看到新硬盘 加入vg，创建镜像extendvg testvg hdisk2# mklvcopy loglv00 2 hdisk2# lspv -l hdisk2hdisk2:LV NAME               LPs   PPs   DISTRIBUTION          MOUNT POINTloglv00      分别把testvg中所有的lv和fs都mklvcopy一下。查看状态，fslv01已经存在copies了，分别在hdisk2和hdisk3中# lslv -l fslv01fslv01:/dir2PV                COPIES        IN BAND       DISTRIBUTION  hdisk3            016:000:000   100%          000:016:000:000:000 hdisk2            016:000:000   100%          000:016:000:000:000 # # lsvg -l testvgtestvg:LV NAME             TYPE       LPs   PPs   PVs  LV STATE      MOUNT POINTtestlv1             jfs        2     4     2    closed/stale  N/Aloglv00             jfs2log    1     2     2    open/stale    N/Afslv01              jfs2       16    32    2    open/stale    /dir2此时LV state状态是stale，非正常的已经同步状态接着需要同步lv镜像# syncvg -p hdisk2查看状态# lsvg -l testvgtestvg:LV NAME             TYPE       LPs   PPs   PVs  LV STATE      MOUNT POINTtestlv1             jfs        2     4     2    closed/syncd  N/Aloglv00             jfs2log    1     2     2    open/syncd    N/Afslv01              jfs2       16    32    2    open/syncd    /dir2# 此时已经VG中的LV已经恢复正常，同步完成。到此更换硬盘的整个步骤以及完成。other :清除机器面板黄灯告警。# /usr/lpp/diagnostics/bin/usysfault -s normal

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